Antimicrobial peptides do not directly contribute to aging in<i>Drosophila</i>, but improve lifespan by preventing dysbiosis

Hanson, Mark A.; Lemaître, Bruno

doi:10.1101/2022.08.24.504952

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…We also describe a clear association between shorter lifespan (95% CI 6 to 28% reduction) and DmelNV infection. This is supported by a recent study showing DmelNV infection in some laboratory stocks can cause greater than 40% lifespan reduction [ 57 ]. However, other reports of the effect of DmelNV on lifespan are mixed [ 26 , 27 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Naturally occurring viruses of Drosophila reduce offspring number and lifespan

Wallace,

Obbard

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Drosophila remains a pre-eminent insect model system for host–virus interaction, but the host range and fitness consequences of the drosophilid virome are poorly understood. Metagenomic studies have reported approximately 200 viruses associated with Drosophilidae, but few isolates are available to characterize the Drosophila immune response, and most characterization has relied on injection and systemic infection. Here, we use a more natural infection route to characterize the fitness effects of infection and to study a wider range of viruses. We exposed laboratory Drosophila melanogaster to 23 naturally occurring viruses from wild-collected drosophilids. We recorded transmission rates along with two components of female fitness: survival and the lifetime number of adult offspring produced. Nine different viruses transmitted during contact with laboratory D. melanogaster , although for the majority, rates of transmission were less than 20%. Five virus infections led to a significant decrease in lifespan (D. melanogaster Nora virus, D. immigrans Nora virus, Muthill virus, galbut virus and Prestney Burn virus), and three led to a reduction in the total number of offspring. Our findings demonstrate the utility of the Drosophila model for community-level studies of host–virus interactions, and suggest that viral infection could be a substantial fitness burden on wild flies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Naturally occurring viruses of Drosophila reduce offspring number and lifespan

Wallace,

Obbard

2024

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…We also describe a clear association between shorter lifespan (95% CI 6 to 28% reduction) and DmelNV infection. This is supported by a recent study showing DmelNV infection in some laboratory stocks can cause >40% lifespan reduction [54]. However, other reports of the effect of DmelNV on lifespan are mixed [25,26,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Naturally occurring viruses ofDrosophilareduce offspring number and lifespan

Wallace,

Obbard

2023

Preprint

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Drosophila remains a pre-eminent insect model system for host-virus interaction, but the host range and fitness consequences of the drosophilid virome are poorly understood. Metagenomic studies have reported over 160 viruses associated with Drosophilidae, but few isolates are available to characterise the Drosophila immune response, and most characterisation has relied on injection and systemic infection. Here we use a more natural infection route to characterise the fitness effects of infection and to study a wider range of viruses. We exposed laboratory D. melanogaster to 23 naturally occurring viruses from wild-collected drosophilids. We recorded transmission rates along with two components of female fitness: survival and the lifetime number of adult offspring produced. Nine different viruses transmitted during contact with laboratory D. melanogaster, although for the majority, rates of transmission were less than 20%. Five virus infections led to a significant decrease in lifespan (D. melanogaster nora virus, D. immigrans nora virus, Muthill virus, galbut virus and Prestney Burn virus), and three led to a reduction in the total number of offspring. Our findings demonstrate the utility of the Drosophila model for community-level studies of host-virus interactions, and suggest that viral infection could be a substantial fitness burden on wild flies.

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“…They found that while ablation of individual AMP genes does not impact the animal lifespan during aging, on the other hand, the lack of 14 AMP genes impacts lifespan over aging. Hanson and Lemaitre demonstrate that AMPs control the gut microbiota over aging and protect animal survival, thus demonstrating the importance of gut-microbiota interaction during animal aging ( Hanson and Lemaitre, 2022 ).…”

Section: Model Systems To Study the Dmgb Axis In Neurodegenerative Di...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards early detection of neurodegenerative diseases: A gut feeling

Makdissi

Parsons

Cara

2023

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The gastrointestinal tract communicates with the nervous system through a bidirectional network of signaling pathways called the gut-brain axis, which consists of multiple connections, including the enteric nervous system, the vagus nerve, the immune system, endocrine signals, the microbiota, and its metabolites. Alteration of communications in the gut-brain axis is emerging as an overlooked cause of neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation is a common feature of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in various neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) that are incurable and debilitating conditions resulting in progressive degeneration and death of neurons, such as in Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases. NDs are a leading cause of global death and disability, and the incidences are expected to increase in the following decades if prevention strategies and successful treatment remain elusive. To date, the etiology of NDs is unclear due to the complexity of the mechanisms of diseases involving genetic and environmental factors, including diet and microbiota. Emerging evidence suggests that changes in diet, alteration of the microbiota, and deregulation of metabolism in the intestinal epithelium influence the inflammatory status of the neurons linked to disease insurgence and progression. This review will describe the leading players of the so-called diet-microbiota-gut-brain (DMGB) axis in the context of NDs. We will report recent findings from studies in model organisms such as rodents and fruit flies that support the role of diets, commensals, and intestinal epithelial functions as an overlooked primary regulator of brain health. We will finish discussing the pivotal role of metabolisms of cellular organelles such as mitochondria and peroxisomes in maintaining the DMGB axis and how alteration of the latter can be used as early disease makers and novel therapeutic targets.

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Antimicrobial peptides do not directly contribute to aging inDrosophila, but improve lifespan by preventing dysbiosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 116 publications

Naturally occurring viruses of Drosophila reduce offspring number and lifespan

Naturally occurring viruses of Drosophila reduce offspring number and lifespan

Naturally occurring viruses ofDrosophilareduce offspring number and lifespan

Towards early detection of neurodegenerative diseases: A gut feeling

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