Antimicrobial Polymers Prepared by ROMP with Unprecedented Selectivity: A Molecular Construction Kit Approach

Lienkamp, Karen; Madkour, Ahmad E.; Musante, Ashlan; Nelson, Christopher F.; Nüsslein, Klaus; Tew, Gregory N.

doi:10.1021/ja801662y

Cited by 385 publications

(458 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…pDMAEMA was found to inhibit the growth of all the Gram-negative bacteria tested, with variable effects on the Gram-positive bacteria and no effect on the yeast. The selectivity for Gramnegative over Gram-positive bacteria has also been previously observed with other polymers 58,59 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…This value is similar to the MIC we found for the unconjugated polymer against E. coli ATCC 10536 (0.5 mg/ml). However, again, the bacteria were only exposed to the polymers for a short time ( Lienkamp et al 58 synthesized an array of polymers to mimic the effects of antimicrobial peptides. They found that some of their polymers were also more effective against Gramnegative than Gram-positive bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial Effects of Poly(2-(dimethylamino ethyl)methacrylate) against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

et al. 2009

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Antimicrobial coatings can reduce the occurrence of medical device-related bacterial infections. Poly(2-(dimethylamino ethyl)methacrylate) (pDMAEMA) is one such polymer that is being researched in this regard. The aims of this study were to (1) elucidate pDMAEMA’s antimicrobial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and (2) to investigate its antimicrobial mode of action. The methods used include determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against various bacteria and the effect of pH and temperature on antimicrobial activity. The ability of pDMAEMA to permeabilise bacterial membranes was determined using the dyes 1-N-phenyl-naphthylamine and calcein-AM. Flow cytometry was used to investigate pDMAEMA’s capacity to be internalized by bacteria and to determine effects on bacterial cell cycling. pDMAEMA was bacteriostatic against Gram-negative bacteria with MIC values between 0.1−1 mg/mL. MIC values against Gram-positive bacteria were variable. pDMAEMA was active against Gram-positive bacteria around its pK a and at lower pH values, while it was active against Gram-negative bacteria around its pK a and at higher pH values. pDMAEMA inhibited bacterial growth by binding to the outside of the bacteria, permeabilizing the outer membrane and disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane. By incorporating pDMAEMA with erythromycin, it was found that the efficacy of the latter was increased against Gram-negative bacteria. Together, the results illustrate that pDMAEMA acts in a similar fashion to other cationic biocides.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Effects of Poly(2-(dimethylamino ethyl)methacrylate) against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

et al. 2009

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“…in solution. In related work, a number of studies with polynorbornenes prepared via ROMP have shown promise for the development of multivalent ligands that can interact with cell surface proteins and be internalized by cells 120,121 , but here we only discuss work with polynorbornenes with polymeric side-chains and other related bottlebrushes.…”

Section: Non-associating Bottlebrushes For Encapsulation and Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, function, self-assembly, and applications of bottlebrush copolymers

et al. 2015

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Bottlebrush polymers are a type of branched or graft polymer with polymeric side-chains attached to a linear backbone, and the unusual architecture of bottlebrushes provides a number of unique and potentially useful properties. These include a high entanglement molecular weight, enabling rapid self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymers into large domain structures, the self-assembly of bottlebrush block copolymer micelles in a selective solvent even at very low dilutions, and the functionalization of bottlebrush side-chains for recognition, imaging, or drug 2 delivery in aqueous environments. This review article focuses on recent developments in the field of bottlebrush polymers with an emphasis on applications of bottlebrush copolymers.Bottlebrush copolymers contain two (or more) different types of polymeric side-chains. Recent work has explored the diverse properties and functions of bottlebrush polymers and copolymers in solutions, films, and melts, and applications explored include photonic materials, bottlebrush films for lithographic patterning, drug delivery, and tumor detection and imaging. We provide a brief introduction to bottlebrush synthesis and physical properties and then discuss work related to: i) bottlebrush self-assembly in melts and bulk thin films, ii) bottlebrushes for photonics and lithography, iii) bottlebrushes for small molecule encapsulation and delivery in solution, and iv) bottlebrush micelles and assemblies in solution. We briefly discuss three potential areas for future research, including developing a more quantitative model of bottlebrush self-assembly in the bulk, studying the properties of bottlebrushes at interfaces, and investigating the solution assembly of bottlebrush copolymers.

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“…[65][66][67][68] By varying the specific structures of cationic groups and hydrophobic groups, the antimicrobial activity against particular microbes can be selectively enhanced as well. [69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77] It should be noted that the physical chemistry behind the globally amphiphilic antimicrobial cationic polymers needs to be studied furthermore for providing the guidelines for fabrication of antimicrobial materials with tailor-made structures and functions.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Polymers Y Yang Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial cationic polymers: from structural design to functional control

Yang

Cai

Huang

et al. 2017

Polym J

212

174

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Antimicrobial cationic polymers mainly contain two functional components: the cationic groups and the hydrophobic groups. The antimicrobial activity is influenced by the type, amount, location and distribution of these two components. This review summarizes the designs and syntheses of antimicrobial cationic polymers by controlling the above two factors. It involves the structural designs from primary to secondary structures, from covalent to noncovalent syntheses and from bulk to surface. Furthermore, it will discuss how to advance structural designs toward functional controls for optimizing the antimicrobial performances and biocompatibility of antimicrobial cationic polymers. It is anticipated that this review will provide some guidelines for developing molecular engineering of antimicrobial cationic polymers with tailor-made structures and functions.

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Antimicrobial Polymers Prepared by ROMP with Unprecedented Selectivity: A Molecular Construction Kit Approach

Cited by 385 publications

References 39 publications

Antibacterial Effects of Poly(2-(dimethylamino ethyl)methacrylate) against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Antibacterial Effects of Poly(2-(dimethylamino ethyl)methacrylate) against Selected Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Structure, function, self-assembly, and applications of bottlebrush copolymers

Antimicrobial cationic polymers: from structural design to functional control

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