Antimicrobial Resistance

Nollette, Kimberly Ann

doi:10.1111/j.1745-7599.2000.tb00306.x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 59 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…All of these statistics relate to dental prescribing and have relevance to dental prescribing in general and specifically within periodontics. Overall, 78% of pathogens have acquired resistance in the last 15 years (Nollette, 2000). Of huge importance is the evolution of the super micro‐organism, the vancomycin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus , responsible for serious, not infrequently fatal, wound infections in hospitals (Schaaf et al , 2000).…”

Section: The Argument Against the Use Of Systemic Antimicrobials Basementioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of chronic periodontal diseases: a dilemma

Addy

Martín

2003

Oral Diseases

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The use of systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of acute and chronic periodontal diseases must be viewed as a dilemma. On the one hand, the approach is attractive because of the microbial nature of periodontal diseases but, on the other hand, evidence of benefit of these agents is equivocal for the majority of periodontal diseases and antimicrobials have the potential to cause harm. The disadvantages of systemic antimicrobials can be grouped under the headings of allergic reactions, superinfection, toxicity, drug interactions, patient compliance and, perhaps of most widespread importance, bacterial resistance. Mechanical debridement methods, including drainage of pus for acute periodontal abscesses, should be considered the first line treatment for most periodontal diseases. Systemic antimicrobials should be considered as adjuncts to mechanical debridement methods and, in chronic disease, never used alone as they can predispose to abscess formation. Adjunctive systemic antimicrobials may be considered in acute disease where debridement or drainage of pus is difficult, where there is local spread or systemic upset. In chronic periodontal diseases, adjunctive antimicrobials should be considered in early onset or rapidly progressive disease or in advanced chronic adult disease where mechanical therapies have failed or surgery is not a preferred option. Inadequate oral hygiene and tobacco smoking are contraindications to the use of antimicrobials. The value of systemic antimicrobials, where other systemic risk factors co-exist, has still to be established. The role of microbial diagnosis and sensitivity testing for antimicrobial selection at this time must be questioned.

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Section: The Argument Against the Use Of Systemic Antimicrobials Basementioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of chronic periodontal diseases: a dilemma

Addy

Martín

2003

Oral Diseases

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Antimicrobial Resistance

O’Malley¹

2003

Clinical Nurse Specialist

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The development of antimicrobial drugs, and particularly of antibiotics, has played a considerable role in substantially reducing the morbidity and mortality rates ofmany infectious diseases. However, thefact that bacteria can develop resistance to antibiotics has produced a situation where antimicrobial agents are losing their effectiveness because of the spread and persistence of drug-resistant organisms. To combat this, more and more antibiotics with increased therapeutic and prophylactic action will need to be developed. This article is concerned with antibiotic resistance in bacteria which are pathogenic to man and animals. The historical background is given, as well as some information on the present situation and trends of antibiotic resistance to certain bacteria in different parts of the world. Considerable concern is raised over the use of antibiotics in man and animals. It is stated that antibiotic resistance in human pathogens is widely attributed to the "misuse" of antibiotics for treatment and prophylaxis in man and to the administration of antibiotics to animals for a variety of purposes (growth promotion, prophylaxis, or therapy), leading to the accumulation of resistant bacteria in their flora. Factors favouring the development of resistance are discussed.

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Antimicrobial Resistance

Cited by 2 publications

References 59 publications

Systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of chronic periodontal diseases: a dilemma

Systemic antimicrobials in the treatment of chronic periodontal diseases: a dilemma

Antimicrobial Resistance

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