Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges and Perspectives

Doyle, Michael P.; Loneragan, Guy H.; Scott, H. M.; Singer, Randall S.

doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12008

Cited by 87 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…The correlation between the geographical source of isolates and resistance detected tends to follow fluoroquinolone usage or selection pressure (Chantziaras et al, 2014). After the USA banned the use of fluoroquinolones in food-producing animals in 2005, fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli cultured from poultry decreased from 1% to 0% (Doyle et al, 2013;Tadesse et al, 2012).…”

Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Section: Quinolonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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“…They are already resistant to multiple antibiotics, except vancomycin, which is known as the drug of last resort (Levy, 1998;Blunt, 2000;Doyle et al, 2013). The major concerns of diseases caused by Staphylococcus species are those caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (Chambers & DeLeo, 2009).…”

Section: Important Microorganisms In Antimicrobial Resistance Developmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing farm hygiene and good herd management, vaccines, decreasing the practice of metaphylaxis, and education about and implementation of the correct use of antibiotics and monitoring systems are techniques that can be used in South African farming to prevent the development of a 'post-antibiotic era' and thus preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics as we know them today (FedorkaCray, 2002;Doyle et al, 2013;McNulty et al, 2016). Additionally, an effective wild game traceability system in southern Africa should be developed at all harvesting levels.…”

Section: Effects Of Antimicrobial Resistance On Animal Food Productiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance and implications of antibiotic resistance development in livestock and wildlife farming in South Africa: A Review

Honert¹,

Gouws²,

Hoffman³

2018

SA J. An. Sci.

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Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is regarded as one of today's major global health challenges. The development of ABR in nature is a complex phenomenon with many influencing factors, of which the farming industry is labelled a significant contributor. The transfer of ABR to humans, which usually occurs via the food chain, is of concern for human health. A food source that is increasing in popularity is game meat, which is farmed widely in South Africa. The natural environment, including wildlife, is not isolated from the rest of the farm, and thus could be a source of ABR or possibly a transfer vector. It is therefore important to assess the ABR situation in wildlife species and the factors that influence its emergence and transfer. Elements that play a part in the development of ABR in game species include certain harvesting and slaughtering and other farming practices and closer contact with humans and other farm animals. Additionally, natural transfer vectors include wind, water, manure, crops and animals. Worryingly, there is lack of knowledge of this situation owing to inadequate monitoring, documentation and control of antibiotics in the farming industry. The objective of this review was to gain better understanding of this situation, which would aid in the development of surveillance systems and methods to prevent or hinder the development of ABR in wildlife species. ______________________________________________________________________________________

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“…Benefits may not be immediate (e.g. the impact on public health outcomes from reduced antimicrobial use) and may also be confounded by several factors over time [35]. Global travel is an example; despite Denmark's attempts to control resistance in Campylobacter, 37% of campylobacteriosis cases in humans were related to international travel, with a higher proportion of these being resistant compared to domestic cases [29].…”

Section: Integrated Interventions Arising From One Health Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance surveillance: is there a business case for it?

Queenan

Häsler

Rushton

2016

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

135

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Antimicrobial Resistance: Challenges and Perspectives

Cited by 87 publications

References 76 publications

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Importance and implications of antibiotic resistance development in livestock and wildlife farming in South Africa: A Review

A One Health approach to antimicrobial resistance surveillance: is there a business case for it?

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