Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Teh, Joanne S.K.; Pantelis, Ioanna; Xiao, Chunqiao; Sadlon, Tania; Papanaoum, Kelly; Gordon, David L.

doi:10.1128/jcm.03202-20

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This resistance was mediated in 100% of the penicillin resistant isolates by the expression of the bla Z gene. However, other studies have noted a phenotype-genotype discrepancy in relation to penicillin resistance detection when other commercial microdilution methods were used [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Activity of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Obtained from Two Spanish Hospitals

et al. 2022

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Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative-staphylococci (CoNS) that lately has gained special attention in public health as a human pathogen and also as a bacteriocin-producer bacteria. In this study, we characterized 56 S. lugdunensis isolates recovered from human samples in two Spanish hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and antimicrobial resistance and virulence genotypes were determined. Antimicrobial activity (AA) production was evaluated by the spot-on-lawn method against 37 indicator bacteria, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, and the presence of the lugD gene coding for lugdunin bacteriocin was analyzed by PCR. The antibiotic resistance detected was as follows (% resistance/genes detected): penicillin (44.6%/blaZ), oxacillin (1.8%/mecA on SCCmec-V), erythromycin-clindamycin inducible (7.1%/erm(C), msrA), tetracycline (5.3%/tetK), gentamicin and/or tobramycin (3.6%/ant(4′)-Ia, acc(6′)-aph(2″)), and fosfomycin (21.4%). A MDR phenotype was detected in 5% of isolates. Twenty-one of the S. lugdunensis isolates showed susceptibility to all 20 antibiotics tested (37.5%). The screening for AA revealed 23 antimicrobial producer (AP) isolates with relevant inhibition against coagulase-positive-staphylococci (CoPS), including both methicillin-susceptible and –resistant S. aureus. The lugD gene was detected in 84% of the 56 S. lugdunensis isolates. All of the AP S. lugdunensis isolates (n = 23) carried the lugD gene and it was also detected in 24 of the non-AP isolates, suggesting different gene expression levels. One of the AP isolates stood out due to its high antimicrobial activity against more than 70% of the indicator bacteria tested, so it will be further characterized at genomic and proteomic level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Activity of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Obtained from Two Spanish Hospitals

et al. 2022

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“…The primary mechanism of resistance encountered in S. lugdunensis is penicillinase encoded by the blaZ gene resulting in resistance to penicillin, however organisms remain susceptible to penicillinase-resistant penicillins such as oxacillin and methicillin. The prevalence of blaZ positive, penicillin resistant S. lugdunensis varies in the literature from 7% to 48%, however most recent studies suggest the prevalence is approximately 25% [41–45,46 ▪▪ ]. There are multiple methods used to detect beta-lactamase in staphylococci, most commonly penicillin disk diffusion (DD), penicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and chromogenic cephalosporin-based tests (nitrocefin).…”

Section: Clinical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EUCAST also provide the caveat that no currently available method can reliably detect penicillinase production in all species of staphylococci. A recent study by Teh et al [46 ▪▪ ] compared penicillin disk diffusion at two concentrations (P1 and P10), automated broth microdilution (BMD) (Vitek2) and nitocefin disk method compared to blaZ PCR as the reference method. Penicillin resistance and blaZ positivity were recorded in 25% of the 200 isolates tested.…”

Section: Clinical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Cronin

Moso

Chan

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewThis review provides an update on recent findings about the clinical and microbiological characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis. Recent findingsEuropean Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) differ in their methodology and breakpoints for the detection of penicillin and oxacillin resistance in S. lugdunensis. The EUCAST method for beta-lactamase detection recommends a 1-unit penicillin disk and has demonstrated superior performance compared to the 10-unit penicillin disk recommended by CLSI. A similar outcome has been previously reported in Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, there is emerging oxacillin resistance in some geographical areas. Of particular concern is that oxacillin resistance in mecA positive isolates may not be reliably detected by current cefoxitin breakpoints. SummaryCoagulase negative staphylococci are now recognised as a heterogenous group of organisms that do not microbiologically or clinically behave the same way. The spectrum of clinical disease is species dependent and is particularly true for S. lugdunensis, which causes an array of clinical infections like that of S. aureus. Further studies are needed to assess the performance of phenotypic tests to detect resistance, to ensure that appropriate antimicrobial therapy is delivered to patients.

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Clinical Significance and Microbiological Characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Cutaneous Infections

Koumaki,

Maraki,

Evangelou

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background/Objectives: Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) commonly found on human skin. Unlike other CoNS, S. lugdunensis has a notable potential to cause severe infections comparable to Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to characterize the clinical and microbiological profile of patients with S. lugdunensis skin infections at a single center. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patient records from the Dermatology Department of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Greece, covering the period from January 2014 to January 2024. Patients’ clinical presentations, demographics, infection sites, comorbidities, prior infections, antimicrobial treatments, and therapeutic responses were examined. Specimens were collected, transported, and processed according to standardized microbiological protocols. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using the Vitek 2 automated system and MALDI-TOF MS, with results interpreted according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria. Results: A total of 123 skin specimens positive for S. lugdunensis were analyzed. The cohort comprised 62 males (50.4%) and 61 females (49.6%), with a mean age of 40.24 ± 20.14 years. Most specimens were collected from pus (84%), primarily from below the waist (66.7%). Hidradenitis suppurativa (26%) was the most common condition associated with S. lugdunensis, followed by folliculitis, abscesses, ulcers, cellulitis, and acne. Co-infections with other bacteria were noted in 49.6% of cases, and 25.2% of infections were nosocomially acquired. The majority of patients (65%) received systemic antibiotics, predominantly amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefuroxime axetil, and doxycycline, with a cure rate of 100%. All isolates were susceptible to several antibiotics, though resistance to penicillin (28.5%) and clindamycin (36%) was observed. Conclusions: S. lugdunensis is a significant pathogen in skin infections, capable of causing severe disease. The high cure rate demonstrates the effectiveness of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Continued monitoring and antimicrobial stewardship are essential to manage resistance and ensure effective treatment.

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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing for Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Activity of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Obtained from Two Spanish Hospitals

Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Activity of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Obtained from Two Spanish Hospitals

Clinical and microbiological characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis

Clinical Significance and Microbiological Characteristics of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Cutaneous Infections

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