Antimicrobial wound dressing film utilizing nano-cellulose and gelatin as drug delivery system for Garcinia mangostana L extract

Abstract

Aims: Diabetic patients with foot ulcer showed 150-fold increased risk of amputation, which is primarily caused by microbial infection. Silver ions are commonly incorporated into wound dressing to enhance the antimicrobial property. However, concerns have been expressed about the development of bacterial resistance to heavy metals. In this study, we extracted the nano-cellulose from medical cotton and reinforced with gelatin to develop a film for wound dressing. Methodology and results: Garcinia mangostana L pericarp extract was incorporated into the nano-cellulose film as antimicrobial finishing. The efficacy of the developed nano-cellulose film was evaluated on diabetic wound microorganisms. We observed cellulose nano crystals with an average length of 133.71 nm under transmission electron microscope. The developed film showed gradual release of the extract over a period of 48 h and no burst effect was observed. The film exhibited significant inhibitory activity on three Gram positive bacteria, three Gram negative and all filamentous fungi tested. On Hohenstein challenge test, all test microorganisms showed significant growth reduction, with the treatment of the film. We also noticed that the antimicrobial activity of the film sustained even after 20 washes. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Our results indicate that the G. mangostana L pericarp extract loaded nano-cellulose films exhibited significant inhibitory activity on diabetic wound microorganisms. The developed film can be potentially used to prevent foot ulcer infection among diabetic patients.

Nanocellulose, the Green Biopolymer Trending in Pharmaceuticals: A Patent Review

“…Hydrogel is the usual attained form of nanocellulose, and its purposes may range from wound healing [ 17 , 18 , 69 , 70 , 71 ] to part of the design for developing injectables [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Moreover, the tissue engineering field has developed promising research regarding nanocellulose [ 19 , 23 , 24 , 72 ].…”