Antimutagenic compounds and their possible mechanisms of action

Abstract

Mutagenicity refers to the induction of permanent changes in the DNA sequence of an organism, which may result in a heritable change in the characteristics of living systems. Antimutagenic agents are able to counteract the effects of mutagens. This group of agents includes both natural and synthetic compounds. Based on their mechanism of action among antimutagens, several classes of compounds may be distinguished. These are compounds with antioxidant activity; compounds that inhibit the activation of mutagens; blocking agents; as well as compounds characterized with several modes of action. It was reported previously that several antitumor compounds act through the antimutagenic mechanism. Hence, searching for antimutagenic compounds represents a rapidly expanding field of cancer research. It may be observed that, in recent years, many publications were focused on the screening of both natural and synthetic compounds for their beneficial muta/antimutagenicity profile. Thus, the present review attempts to give a brief outline on substances presenting antimutagenic potency and their possible mechanism of action. Additionally, in the present paper, a screening strategy for mutagenicity testing was presented and the characteristics of the most widely used antimutagenicity assays were described.

Anticancer effects of seaweed compounds fucoxanthin and phloroglucinol, alone and in combination with 5-fluorouracil in colon cells

“…A mutagen can interact directly with the DNA molecule or indirectly through formation of reactive compounds that can act with other components of the cell, or both situations. If the damage caused by the agent is not liable to repair, the cellular response can occur in two possible ways: cell death or cell survival with mutations, the latter resulting in changes of the genetic code transmitted to the daughters cells (Słoczyńska et al, 2014). In 1984, Ostling and Johanson presented the first protocol of comet assay.…”

Fruits and Vegetables as Dietary Sources of Antimutagens

“…Occasionally certain compounds may exhibit dual nature and display both antimutagenic and mutagenic effects as reported in case of β-carotene, which possesses the ability to both scavenge and produce free radicals [22]. Such compounds have been termed as "Janus mutagens", after the Roman god who had one head with two faces looking in opposite directions [23][24][25]. Several antitumor compounds also displayed antimutagenicity [26][27][28].…”

EKOGENOTOKSISITAS LIMBAH CAIR BATIK DAN EFEK ANTIMUTAGENIK Lemna minor TERHADAP ERITROSIT IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

“…(Marara, 2012 (Flora et al, 2008). Antioksidan mampu menghilangkan ROS sebelum molekul mutagen bereaksi dengan DNA dan menyebabkan mutasi (Sloczynska et al, 2014). Lemnan, senyawa pektin kompleks juga ditemukan terkandung di dalam Lemna minor (Gulcin, 2010).…”

“…Zat yang berperan disebut desmutagen b. Bio anti mutagenesis : faktor yang berperan pada proses mutagenesis atau memperbaiki kerusakan DNA sehingga menurunkan frekwensi mutasi yang terjadi (Nagarathna et al, 2013). Beberapa kelompok utama senyawa antimutagenik diantaranya adalah vitamin, flavonoid, senyawa fenol, antrakuinon, karotenoid, diterpenoid, kumarin, tanin, hormon steroid, saponin dan produk-produk dari laut (Bhattacharya, 2011;Sloczynska et al, 2014), serta beberapa kelompok asam amino (Mauro et al, 2009;Srividya et al, 2012).…”