Antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituent of two plants used to manage foot and mouth disease in the Far North Region of Cameroon

Vougat, Ronald Romuald Bebey Ngom; Foyet, Harquin Simplice; Garabed, Rebecca; Ziebe, Roland

doi:10.5455/jice.20141020064838

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Recent studies on the antioxidant activity of Boscia demonstrated their high antioxidant activity potential [2]. Unfortunately we did not found significant correlation between the phenols and neither the DPPH scavenging activity (r = -0.17) or the total reducing power (r = 0.11).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…One active principle in Boscia has been identified as a glucocapparin, a sulfonated glucose which exhibited not only hypoglycemic effect, but also cytotoxicity [3]. It is demonstrated that Boscia is rich in phenols and antioxidant properties [2], and these molecules may also justify the use of Boscia in traditional medicine. Traditionally the decoction used in patient treatment consisted of mixing the seed powder (about 200 g) with water (about 1L) followed by boiling for about 30 min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is an evergreen under shrub plant, usually 1 to 2 m mean height [1]. Largely called in these regions as "Buldumhi" in Fulfulde and "Ndandam" in Wolof [2], Boscia plant produces acidic fruits that are commercialized either for human nutrition or for medicine. The fruits are usually soaked in water for some days to a week to remove the acidity before consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology

Nicolas¹

2017

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10 min extraction time. At this optimum point the polyphenol content, total reducing power, DPPH free radical scavenging and glycemic index were respectively 2.34 mg galliceq/100 mL, 0.41 mg vitamin C eq/100 mL, 59.0% and 51.6%. In conclusion the response surface methodology successfully conducted to production of decoction of Boscia senegalensis with the highest polyphenol content, antioxidant properties and the lowest glycemic index.Keywords: Antioxidant propertie; Boscia senegalensis; Decoction; Glycemic index; Optimization Citation: Dongmo F, Sokeng Dogmo S, Njintang Yanou N (2017) Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology. J Food Sci Nutr 3: 015.• Material and Methods Sampling and production of Boscia senegalensis flourBoscia senegalensis seeds used in this study were harvested in the experimental farm of the University of Ndjamena, Chad in November 2014. The species were identified and voucher specimen was deposited at the Veterinary and Zoo technical Laboratory of Facha (N° 1344). The matured dried seeds were carefully cleaned and sorted to remove defective ones. The dry seeds were grounded into fine flour using an electric grinder (Culatti, Polymix, France) equipped with a sieve of diameter 800 µm mesh, sealed in polyethylene bags and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 2°C) until analysis. Aqueous extraction of Boscia senegalensis powderBoscia senegalensis decoction was extracted from the flour using distilled water. The amount of flour used for each extraction corresponds to an average of mass of flour typically used for decoctions, according to the preliminary investigation from traditional health. Also, decoction time and temperature ranges were chosen based on the traditional practices for obtaining Boscia decoction. Seventeen extractions were performed in triplicate as shown in the experimental design (Table 1). The flour was blended with distilled water (flour ratio 0.3:10 to 4:10 g/mL) preheated to the desired temperature, and the slurry was stirred at 2500 rpm using an electric stirrer under different extraction time (3 -38 min) and temperature (25 to 95°C). After incubation, the sample was centrifuged at 1500 g for 15 min at 25°C, the supernatant was collected and the residue was re-extracted in the same conditions. The collected supernatants were combined and packaged in 100 mL volumetric glass vessels and stored at 4°C in the refrigerator for analysis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology

Nicolas¹

2017

FSN

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“…The fact that drugs are administered by trained veterinarians in the ranch suggests that the prophylactic failure may lie either on the repeated use of the same molecules of trypanocide [ 28 , 29 ] and/or on the quality of drug used. Vougat et al [ 30 ] reported that many veterinary medicines in the market and veterinary pharmacies are not up to the standards required in north Cameroon. This fact presumes that the risk for the development of drug resistance is likely higher among traditionally managed livestock where the majority of pastoralists administer drugs without any parasitological diagnosis or even clinical examination [ 31 ] and without respect of drug prescription [ 30 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal trypanosomosis in clinically healthy cattle of north Cameroon: epidemiological implications

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe control of animal trypanosomosis consists, amongst other things, of the punctual treatment of new cases, primarily diagnosed by pastoralists on the basis of clinical signs. This practice suggests that many apparently healthy infected animals are left untreated. In this study animal trypanosomosis in clinically healthy zebu cattle was evaluated, the distribution of the vectors established and the epidemiological implications discussed.MethodsIn 2014 two cross-sectional surveys were carried out in the Cambeef ranch. A total of 866 blood samples were collected from cattle in different sites: 549 in the dry season and 317 in the rainy season. The blood samples were subjected to parasitological examination using the buffy coat method and to PCV determination. An entomological survey on animal trypanosomosis vectors was undertaken during tsetse flies caught were identified and the mid-gut of each living non-teneral tsetse fly was examined for infections using a microscope.ResultsAn overall trypanosomosis prevalence of 9 % was found in the cattle examined. There were significantly (P < 0.05) more trypanosome infected cattle in the dry season than the rainy season. Trypanosome-infected cattle had significantly (P < 0.05) lower Body Condition Scores (BCS) and Packed Cell Volumes (PCV) in the dry season than in the rainy season. Anemia was positively correlated with trypanosome infection. The likelihood for an animal to be parasitologically free of trypanosome infection was at least three times as high in the Gudali breed as compared with the white and red Fulani breeds. Species of trypanosomes identified were Trypanosoma vivax (73.23 %), Trypanosoma congolense (15.49 %) and Trypanosoma brucei (11.27 %). A total of 390 tsetse flies and 103 tabanids were trapped. Two species of tsetse flies were identified: Glossina tachinoides (33.59 %) and G. morsitans submorsitans (41 %). Nine of the 194 non-teneral flies were infected with trypanosomes.ConclusionCarriers of trypanosomes are present amongst apparently healthy cattle in the study site. Attempts to successfully reduce the population of reservoir trypanosomes within herds and control the disease will need to consider mass screening once every year and this should be associated with drug sensitivity tests.

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“…The biophysical characteristics of this study area are as described in our previous paper (Vougat et al 2015). Generally, the region is dry with a rainy season from June to November.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of veterinary pharmaceuticals and their use by pastoralists in the Far North Region of Cameroon

et al. 2017

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This study evaluates the quality of the veterinary drugs most frequently used in the Far North Region of Cameroon and describes how pastoralists use them to treat their cattle herds. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify and quantify the active ingredients in the drugs (penicillin G, levamisole, oxytetracycline, diminazene diaceturate, vitamin A, and vitamin E acetate) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry to determine if organic chemical contaminants were present. The results showed that 69% of surveyed pastoralists used veterinary medicines to treat common illnesses. In addition, the most commonly used medications (procaine penicillin G and oxytetracycline) were used in a manner inconsistent with the recommended dosage, frequency, duration, and withdrawal period by 98% of the pastoralists. However, contrary to previous studies, the quality of the medications used by pastoralists was generally good. The poor compliance with recommended treatment protocols was much more prevalent than use of poor quality medications and presents a potential for treatment failure, drug resistance of animal pathogens, and harmful drug residues in the human food supply, all of which have potentially negative consequences for animal and human health.

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Antioxidant activity and phytochemical constituent of two plants used to manage foot and mouth disease in the Far North Region of Cameroon

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology

Aqueous Extraction Optimization of the Antioxidant and Antihyperglycemic Components of Boscia Senegalensis Using Central Composite Design Methodology

Animal trypanosomosis in clinically healthy cattle of north Cameroon: epidemiological implications

Quality of veterinary pharmaceuticals and their use by pastoralists in the Far North Region of Cameroon

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