Antioxidant Activity and the Potential Mechanism of the Fruit From Ailanthus altissima Swingle

Abstract

The fruits of Ailanthus altissima Swingle (AS) possess a variety of pharmacological activities. Its antioxidant activity and the potential mode of action have not yet been investigated. In in vitro studies, AS revealed the strong reducing power and DPPH scavenging effect, but hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and ferrous ions-chelating ability were not strong. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress RAW264.7 cell injury model was established, the low and medium-doses of AS showed significant protective effects on the viability of H2O2-treated cells by CCK-8 method. Besides, three doses of AS all increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and decreased the MDA level compared with the H2O2 group, suggesting it significantly relieved oxidative stress of cells. The active ingredients and related targets of AS were collected by HERB and Swiss Target Prediction database, the common targets of drugs and diseases database were conducted by GeneCards database platform and the Venny platform. We screened the core targets of AS like threonine kinase1 (AKT1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (MTOR) by STRING database, and the key pathways involved PI3K-AKT and FoxO signaling pathway by KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Besides, qRT-PCR revealed AS preconditioning significantly up-regulated the expression level of AKT1, SIRT1, MAPK1, and MTOR in model cells, and the effect was related to the regulation of FoxO and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In summary, AS showed significant antioxidant activity and its potential mechanism was regulating FoxO and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and DNA-Protective Capacity, and Microscopic Characters of Ailanthus altissima Aerial Substances

“…A comparison with their data could not be made due to the different quantitative reports. Other studies have found antioxidant potential for extracts derived from the fruits [ 38 ] and from the roots [ 8 ] of the tree species, as well as for individual isolated compounds included in their composition. A comparison of the AOA of the A. altissima flowers with data from the literature has not been made, due to the lack of such to date.…”

Metabolomics Combined with Correlation Analysis Revealed the Differences in Antioxidant Activities of Lotus Seeds with Varied Cultivars

“…The free radical scavenging activities of LS may be realized by providing electron or hydrogen donors through LS extract. The antioxidant mechanism may be due to the supply of hydrogen by the antioxidant, which binds to the free radicals and forms stabilized radicals to terminate the free radical chain reaction or combine with free radical ions [47]. In addition, the reducing activity of antioxidants is usually achieved by giving away hydrogen atoms or destroying free radical chains.…”

Ailanthus altissima Seed Oil—A Valuable Source of Lipid-Soluble Components with DNA Protective and Antiproliferative Activities

“…in the fruit methanol extracts [14][15][16][17]. The ability to scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidative stress are also among the activities analyzed for fruit extracts [18].…”