Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Attributes of Paris polyphylla Smith from Sikkim Himalaya

Abstract

Introduction: Paris polyphylla Smith is a high value medicinal plant available in Sikkim Himalaya which is well known in local traditional medicine system. Scientific study to ascertain its claimed biological activity is lacking. The objective of this work was to determine the antioxidant and anticancer activity of Paris polyphylla rhizomes. Methods: Phytochemical analysis were carried out by standard methods. Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was carried out by DPPH, ABTS, OH-radical and Fe 2+ chelating activity assays. Cytotoxicity of the extract was determined by MTT assay on three cancer cell lines: HeLa, HepG2 and PC3. Results: Of the P. polyphylla from two altitudinal zones, P. polyphylla from Tholung (PPT), the one from the higher altitude showed higher total phenolic contents in methanolic extracts of rhizomes as compraed to that from the lower altitude i.e., P. polyphylla from Uttaray (PPU). PPT also showed a higher content of total falvonoid and total flavonols. Both types of plant were excellent scavenger of DPPH and ABTS radical and Fe 2+ chelator. A trend of a relatively greater antioxidant activity of PPT was established through these assay methods. In MTT assay, both the extract showed significant dose-dependent inhibition of HeLa cell growth after 72 hrs of treatment, while the extract had a moderately positive effect on the inhibition of PC3 and HepG2 cells growth. Conclusion: The study suggested a strong antioxidant activity and appreciable cytotoxic activity of P. polyphylla from Sikkim Himalaya. Of the two varieties, PPT was more pronounced in both type of activities.

Paris polyphylla Sm. Induces Reactive Oxygen Species and Caspase 3-Mediated Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells In Vitro and Potentiates the Therapeutic Significance of Fluorouracil and Cisplatin

“…PPE’s TPC and TFC content was 34.4 mg GAE/g and 41.6 mg QE/g, respectively. The TPC and TFC of P. polyphylla from Manipur were higher than those reported in Sikkim, Himalaya [ 52 ]. PPE hada total saponin of 270.92 ± 0.19 mg DE/gand steroidal saponin content of 14.5 ± 0.02 mg DE/g.…”

Multimodal integrated strategy for the discovery and identification of antiplatelet aggregation Q‐markers in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

“…This finding aligns with numerous studies highlighting the antiplatelet aggregation effects of saponins, such as ginsenosides and Panax notoginseng saponins (Zhang et al, 2020). Until now, research on the biological activity of the aforementioned five saponins in PY samples has primarily concentrated on their role in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation (Feng et al, 2019; Liu et al, 2022; Wang et al, 2019), antioxidant activity (Lepcha et al, 2019), antibacterial and antiviral activity (Joshi et al, 2020), and so on. However, there is relatively limited literature on the interaction between the aforementioned saponins and platelets.…”

In vitro production of steroidal saponin, total phenols and antioxidant activity in callus suspension culture of Paris polyphylla Smith: an important Himalayan medicinal plant

“…After that, dried callus were mashed with a mortar and pestle and the resulting powder (100mg) was dissolved in 10 ml of 80% (v/v) ethanol for extraction at 50-60 °C for 7-8 hrs, following which the solvent was vaporized to a dry state. The residues were then dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water and used to measure the antioxidant activity, total flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and total tannin contents ( Swain and Hillis, 1959 ; Giri et al., 2012 ; Raomai et al., 2015 ; Lepcha et al., 2019 ). Total phenolic content was calculated as mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight of sample, while total tannin content was measured as mg Tannic Acid Equivalent (TAE)/g dry weight of the sample, respectively.…”