Antioxidant proteins and reactive oxygen species are decreased in a murine epidermal side population with stem cell-like characteristics

Carr, Wanakee; Oberley‐Deegan, Rebecca E.; Zhang, Yuping; Oberley, Christopher C.; Oberley, Larry W.; Dunnwald, Martine

doi:10.1007/s00418-011-0786-2

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In summary, it can be said that vitamin C or plant extracts increased the stemness and the proliferative potential of epidermal basal cells. Although the relationship between oxidative stress and stem cells is not known, recent publication showed that epidermal side population with stem cell-like characteristics produced lower levels of ROS than more differentiated cells [8]. In addition, our results showed that addition of vitamin C or plant extracts increased the stemness of epidermal basal cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Redox Status Is Critical for Stemness in Skin Equivalents

Choi

Kang

Shin

et al. 2012

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The skin is constantly exposed to environmental oxidative stress. Skin equivalent (SE) models are three-dimensional systems in which cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions can be investigated. In this study, the effects of vitamin C or plant extracts with high antioxidant activities were tested. There was no significant difference in the epidermal thickness, but the basal cells became cuboidal when vitamin C or plant extracts were supplemented. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining showed linear and intense staining of α6 and β1 integrin along the basement membrane in vitamin C or plant extract treated models. The p63 and PCNA were also stained. Results showed that the number of p63 and PCNA positive cells was higher in the vitamin C or plant extract treated models than in the control SEs. Although the relationship between oxidative stress and stem cells is not known, our results suggest that redox status affects the stemness and the proliferative potential of epidermal basal cells by modulating microenvironment to epidermal basal stem cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Redox Status Is Critical for Stemness in Skin Equivalents

Choi

Kang

Shin

et al. 2012

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…The ubiquitous expression and active induction of phase 2 enzymes during KC diVerentiation confer an eYcient defense system together with the classic antioxidant system in the skin. Accumulation of studies demonstrates that the classical antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), play an important role in protecting the skin from oxidative damage during epidermal diVerentiation [2,15,20,21]. For example, CAT activities of diVerentiated KC were higher than those of undiVerentiated KC of the basal layer, showing that the calcium-induced diVerentiated KC had approximately 200% higher activity compared to CAT activity of un-diVerentiated KC [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent induction of phase 2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes during keratinocyte differentiation

et al. 2012

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As antioxidant enzymes can be actively modulated during keratinocyte (KC) differentiation, this study was aimed to evaluate the modulation of a group of phase 2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes (phase 2 enzymes) during KC differentiation. In postconfluence-induced differentiation model of KC, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADP(H):quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), and glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) were up-regulated at a transcriptional level. In Western blot analysis, the phase 2 enzymes were up-regulated by H(2)O(2), but down-regulated by N-acetyl cysteine, indicating the active role of reactive oxygen species for their expression during KC differentiation. When a redox-sensitive NF-E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2), a key transcriptional factor for phase 2 enzymes, was knocked down by small interfering RNA transfection in differentiated KCs, only NQO-1 was down-regulated in both mRNA and protein levels. In human skin, expression levels of the phase 2 enzymes were up-regulated in the differentiated KC in the normal epidermis and keratotic foci in squamous cell carcinoma, further supporting the differentiation-dependent expression of phase 2 enzymes in vivo. This study demonstrates that a group of phase 2 enzymes are modulated during KC differentiation via either Nrf2-dependent (NQO-1) or Nrf2-independent (HO-1 and GSTpi) ways.

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“…The absorbance was interpreted at 450 nm, and the findings were expressed as U/mL/mg protein [28]. The absorbance was interpreted at 450 nm, and the findings were expressed as U/mL/mg protein [28].…”

Section: Determination Of Gsh and Gssgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of various morphine weaning regimens on the sequelae of opioid tolerance involving physical dependency, anxiety and hippocampus cell neurodegeneration in rats

Motaghinejad

Karimian

Motaghinejad

et al. 2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Chronic consumption of morphine induces physical dependency, anxiety, and neurodegeneration. In this study, morphine on its own has been used for the management of morphine-induced dependency, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Forty-eight male rats were randomly divided into six groups. Rats in groups 1-5 were made morphine dependent by an increasing manner of morphine for 7 days (15-45 mg/kg). For the next 14 days, morphine was administered using the following regimen: (i) once daily 45 mg/kg (positive controls), (ii) the same dose at additional intervals (6 h longer than the previous intervals each time), (iii) 45 mg/kg of morphine at irregular intervals like of 12, 24, 36 h, (iv) decreasing dose once daily (every time 2.5 mg/kg less than the former dosage). Group 5 received 45 mg/kg of morphine and 10 mg/kg of SOD mimetic agent (M40401) injection per day. Group 6 (negative control) received saline solution only. On day 22, all animals received naloxone (3 mg/kg) and their Total Withdrawal Index (TWI) and blood cortisol levels were measured. After drug treatment, hippocampus cells were isolated, and oxidative, antioxidative, and apoptotic factors were evaluated. Various regimens of morphine reduced TWI, cortisol levels, Bax activity, caspase-3, caspase-9, TNF-α, and IL-1β and lipid peroxidation. In all treatment groups, GSH level, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and Bcl-2 activity were significantly increased. Furthermore, SOD mimetic agent c diminished morphine effect on SOD activity. Thus, varying the dosage regimen of morphine can reduce the severity of morphine-induced dependency and neurodegeneration.

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Antioxidant proteins and reactive oxygen species are decreased in a murine epidermal side population with stem cell-like characteristics

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Redox Status Is Critical for Stemness in Skin Equivalents

Redox Status Is Critical for Stemness in Skin Equivalents

Nrf2-dependent and Nrf2-independent induction of phase 2 detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes during keratinocyte differentiation

The effect of various morphine weaning regimens on the sequelae of opioid tolerance involving physical dependency, anxiety and hippocampus cell neurodegeneration in rats

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