Antioxidant status in asthma

Powell, Colin; Nash, Audrey A.; Powers, Hilary J.; Primhak, Robert

doi:10.1002/ppul.1950180109

Cited by 87 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Greater concentrations of total glutathione are observed in bronchial and alveolar fluid from asthmatics compared to that in normal control subjects (47). These findings, coupled with an observed reduction in GSHPx levels in asthmatic adults and children (48) For cellular function to be modulated, the cell must respond to these shifts in oxidation-reduction equilibria, or to production of new reactive signaling molecules, through modulation of regulatory proteins that have the potential to initiate gene transcription (33,61), as illustrated in Figure 1. Two transcription factors regulated by the redox state of the cell are NF-KB and AP-1 (62).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in airway epithelial gene expression.

Martin

Krunkosky

Voynow

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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The body first encounters deleterious inhaled substances, such as allergens, industrial particles, pollutants, and infectious agents, at the airway epithelium. When this occurs, the epithelium and its resident inflammatory cells respond defensively by increasing production of cytokines, mucus, and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). As inflammation in the airway increases, additional infiltrating cells increase the level of these products. Recent interest has focused on ROS/RNS as potential modulators of the expression of inflammation-associated genes important to the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases. ROS/RNS appear to play a variety of roles that lead to changes in expression of genes such as interleukin-6 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1. By controlling this regulation, the reactive species can serve as exogenous stimuli, as intercellular signaling molecules, and as modulators of the redox state in epithelial cells. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms affected by ROS/RNS acting in these capacities should aid in the understanding of how stimulated defense mechanisms within the airway can lead to disease.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in airway epithelial gene expression.

Martin

Krunkosky

Voynow

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Many childhood diseases have been linked with oxidative damage and has recently been reviewed (Granot et al, 2004). Current interest in oxidative stress and antioxidants arise from the putative role of ROS in many diverse conditions such as ageing, atherosclerosis, cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases and intestinal reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative disorders, chronic renal failure, viral infections, and the immune response (Jacques et al, 1988;Harats et al, 1990;Harris et al, 1992;Powell et al, 1994;Haklar et al, 1995;Schwartz et al, 1996;Kohen et al, 1997;Stone, 1997). As we stated earlier, high doses of a-tocopherol showed benefit in animal models of respiratory distress syndrome and endotoxin-induced air way inflammation (Demling et al, 1995;Suntres et al, 1996;Fan et al, 2000;Rocksen et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant vitamins E and C as adjunct therapy of severe acute lower-respiratory infection in infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Mahalanabis

Başak²,

Paul³

et al. 2006

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To evaluate the effect of antioxidant Vitamins E and C as adjunct therapy of severe acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) in children. Design: Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting: A large childrens' hospital serving the urban poor in Kolkata, India. Subjects: Children aged 2-35 months admitted with severe ALRI. Intervention: In total, 174 children were randomly assigned to receive a-tocopherol 200 mg and ascorbic acid 100 mg twice daily or placebo for 5 days. All children received standard treatment for severe ALRI. Outcome measures were: time taken to recover from a very ill status, fever, tachypnoea, and feeding difficulty; and improvement in oxidative stress and immune response indicated by thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and response to skin antigens, respectively. Results: Recovery rate ratios (95% CI) using proportional hazards model were 0.89 (0.64-1.25), 1.01 (0.72-1.41), 0.86 (0.57-1.29), and 1.12 (0.77-1.64) for very ill status, feeding difficulty, fever, and tachypnoea, respectively. TBARS values were high and similar in the two groups at admission, discharge, and at 2 weeks follow-up. Serum a-tocopherol significantly increased in treated group at discharge. Immune response to skin antigens were very poor at admission and after 2 weeks, in both groups. Conclusion: Infants with severe ALRI failed to benefit from two antioxidant nutrients as adjunct therapy. Severe ALRI in infants may cause cell-mediated immune dysfunction. We need a better understanding of oxidative processes in growing infants to help us better design interventions with antioxidant therapy.

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“…-into oxygen and hydroperoxide, which is then acted upon by GSHPx to form water. SOD activity has been reported to be increased [46], decreased [36,[47][48][49][50][51] or unchanged [28,44,45,52,53] in asthmatics compared with controls. Zn, a cofactor of SOD, has also been reported to be decreased [28,54] or unchanged [55].…”

Section: Evidence Relating Lipid Peroxidation and Asthmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, airway inflammation and asthma

Wood¹,

Gibson²,

Garg³

2003

Eur Respir J

272

201

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Oxidative stress, specifically lipid peroxidation, is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of asthma. This review highlights the pathways through which reactive oxygen species (ROS) may lead to lipid peroxidation. The potential of both the innate and acquired immune systems to activate inflammatory cells and release ROS that may overwhelm the host antioxidant defences and cause lipid peroxidation, accompanied by detrimental pathophysiological effects, are discussed.Despite the evidence demonstrating the importance of lipid peroxidation, systematic characterisation of oxidative stress and antioxidant defences has not been undertaken, largely due to the lack of appropriate biomarkers. This review discusses the emergence of isoprostanes (specifically 8-iso-prostaglandin F 2a ) as reliable, in vivo markers of lipid peroxidation, which provides an appropriate tool for studying oxidative stress. Furthermore, the development of techniques to study induced sputum and breath condensate, derived directly from the airway surface, enables the site of oxidative damage to be closely assessed.Evidence suggests that dietary changes that have occurred over recent years have increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation, due to reduced antioxidant defences. To date, the limited number of long-term (w1 week) supplementation trials have been promising. However, the development of techniques to study isoprostanes in airwaylining fluid pave the way for further studies investigating the potential for antioxidant supplements to be used as routine therapy in asthma.

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Antioxidant status in asthma

Cited by 87 publications

References 18 publications

The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in airway epithelial gene expression.

The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in airway epithelial gene expression.

Antioxidant vitamins E and C as adjunct therapy of severe acute lower-respiratory infection in infants and young children: a randomized controlled trial

Biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, airway inflammation and asthma

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