Antioxidant supplements for liver diseases

Bjelaković, Goran; Gluud, Lise Lotte; Nikolova, Dimitrinka; Bjelaković, Marija; Nagorni, Aleksandar; Gluud, Christian

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007749.pub2

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…At the molecular level, it includes hepatocyte damage, Kupffer cell activation, hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, and proliferation whereas, the hepatocyte, Kupffer cell, and HSC communicate through oxygen stress, which causes inhibition of electron transport, increasing ROS production, and decreasing mitochondrial glutathione . Thus, the use of antioxidants diminishes fibrosis and HSCs, by halting the associated cell communication .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Discovery of Some Novel Chalcones as Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents via Attenuating NF‐κB

Chu¹

2015

Archiv der Pharmazie

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Concerning the role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents for hepatic fibrosis patients, the current study deals with the development of novel chalcone derivatives 5a-i via efficient synthetic methodology in a two-step reaction involving Claisen-Schmidt condensation. The obtained target analogs were screened for in vitro antioxidant activity by various methods (H2 O2 , DPPH, ferrous reducing power, and nitric oxide), where they exhibit considerable radical scavenging activity. These compounds were also evaluated for inhibitory potency against NF-κB activation induced by LPS for the determination of their anti-inflammatory activity. The inhibition values indicate that the entire set of compounds efficiently inhibits the NF-κB activation provoked by LPS. Among the series, compound 5i was identified as the most potent inhibitor of NF-κB, with a relative NF-κB activity of 1.12 ± 0.53. It also inhibits various inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and PGE2 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Discovery of Some Novel Chalcones as Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents via Attenuating NF‐κB

Chu¹

2015

Archiv der Pharmazie

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“…On the basis of the so-called 'antioxidant hypothesis', long-term clinical trials have been developed to investigate the effect of supplementation with natural antioxidants to reduce the development of oxidative stress-related diseases. However, clinical trials have produced extremely contrasting results, highlighting the difficulties in mimicking the healthy effect of plant-derived foods through the usage of natural supplements (4,5) . Moreover, a negative effect in increasing mortality rates of overall mortality and cancer has been observed in specific meta-analyses, raising strong concerns about the use of galenic antioxidants for disease prevention (5,6) .…”

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Effect of plant foods and beverages on plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity in human subjects: a meta-analysis

et al. 2013

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Non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) represents a sensitive biomarker measuring the in vivo antioxidant potential of vegetable foods. To evaluate the effectiveness of plant-derived foods and beverages on the plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant system, we analysed all literature published upto May 2010. Data were extracted by two authors independently, and the effect size was summarised using standardised mean differences by a random-effects model. For the analysis, eighty-eight studies were included, reporting a total number of 122 interventions and involving 2890 subjects. There was overall evidence of the effectiveness of fruit, vegetables, dietary patterns based on plant foods, red wine and tea in increasing plasma NEAC. No changes were found for chocolate and fruit juices. We observed an overall effect size three times higher in subjects with risk factors when compared with healthy subjects. Total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter, oxygen radical absorbance capacity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power methods showed a similar increase in plasma NEAC following dietary supplementation, whereas Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity did not respond to dietary supplementation. Data from the present meta-analysis show that plant-derived foods represent an effective strategy to enhance an endogenous antioxidant network in humans. This is particularly evident in the presence of oxidative stress-related risk factors.Key words: Plant foods: Antioxidant capacity: Oxidative stress: Human nutrition: Flavonoids A large body of epidemiological evidence strongly suggests a primary role for plant-based dietary patterns in reducing the risk of diseases (1) . However, the identification of the molecules involved in the protective effect of vegetable food and their mechanism of action is far from being understood (2) . Phytochemicals contained in the plant kingdom are hypothesised to reduce free radical-related cellular damage, potentiating redox defence of the body and contributing to reduction of the risk of developing oxidative stress-related diseases (3) . On the basis of the so-called 'antioxidant hypothesis', long-term clinical trials have been developed to investigate the effect of supplementation with natural antioxidants to reduce the development of oxidative stress-related diseases. However, clinical trials have produced extremely contrasting results, highlighting the difficulties in mimicking the healthy effect of plant-derived foods through the usage of natural supplements (4,5) . Moreover, a negative effect in increasing mortality rates of overall mortality and cancer has been observed in specific meta-analyses, raising strong concerns about the use of galenic antioxidants for disease prevention (5,6)

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“…However, recent research has indicated that vitamin D 2 has a lesser effect on raising total vitamin D (25(OH)D) status compared to vitamin D 3 and could result in a decrease in 25(OH)D 3 concentrations (2)(3)(4) . Furthermore, only vitamin D 3 and not vitamin D 2 has been found to decrease all-cause and cancer mortality (5) . The objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have supplemented with vitamin D 2 via a tablet/capsule or via a food fortification vehicle, and to compare concentrations of measured serum 25(OH)D 3 following supplementation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, only vitamin D 3 and not vitamin D 2 has been found to decrease all-cause and cancer mortality (5) . The objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have supplemented with vitamin D 2 via a tablet/capsule or via a food fortification vehicle, and to compare concentrations of measured serum 25(OH)D 3 following supplementation.…”

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Effect of vitamin d2 supplementation on serum 25 hydroxy-vitamin d3 levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Food manufacturers will often use vitamin D 2 to fortify foods with vitamin D, as unlike vitamin D 3 , D 2 can be consumed by vegetarians and vegans (1) . However, recent research has indicated that vitamin D 2 has a lesser effect on raising total vitamin D (25(OH)D) status compared to vitamin D 3 and could result in a decrease in 25(OH)D 3 concentrations (2)(3)(4) . Furthermore, only vitamin D 3 and not vitamin D 2 has been found to decrease all-cause and cancer mortality (5) . The objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have supplemented with vitamin D 2 via a tablet/capsule or via a food fortification vehicle, and to compare concentrations of measured serum 25(OH)D 3 following supplementation.A comprehensive electronic search of the EMBASE and PUBMED databases was performed, covering January 1980 to February 2017. Search terms used were as follows: "vitamin D OR 25-hydroxy* OR vitamin D2 OR vitamin D3 OR cholecalciferol OR ergocalciferol OR 25OHD" AND "supplementation" AND "randomized controlled trial OR randomized controlled trial OR RCT". Studies were also selected via online hand-searches and by examining study bibliographies. Studies were eligible if they had supplemented vitamin D 2 in human adults, had a clear control/placebo comparison group and had measured serum concentration of 25(OH) D 3 in both groups. Studies were then systematically reviewed for inclusion into the final meta-analysis. Out of 11 studies for systematic review, 8 study authors needed to be contacted to request missing data. Subsequently, data from 6 studies were available to be included for meta-analysis. The majority of 25(OH)D 3 concentrations were measured in nmol/L, although one study required conversion from ng/mL (1 ng/mL = 2.5 nmol/L).A total of 803 participants were included in the 11 studies selected for systematic review. Ages ranged from 18-84 years and in the 9 studies that declared the gender of subjects, the ratio of males to females was approximately 1:3. The studies were undertaken in the UK, Ireland, USA, New Zealand, Germany and Finland and dated from 1999-2016, although all but 1 study were dated within the last 13 years. Of the 5 studies that declared ethnicity of participants, a range of Caucasian (n 343), South Asian (n 63), African-American (n 31), Hispanic (n 5), Asian (n 8) and Native American adults (n 1) were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated that vitamin D 2 supplementation led to a mean difference (MD) in serum 25(OH)D 3 as follows: MD (fixed) = −11.97 (95 % CI -13.93 to -10.1; P < 0.00001, p (heterogeneity) = 0.36 I 2 =9 %. Therefore, there was an 11.97 nmol/L drop in 25(OH)D 3 when subjects were supplemented with vitamin D 2 as opposed to a control group.This meta-analysis indicates that overall, supplementation of vitamin D 2 decreased serum 25(OH)D 3 concentration by an average of 12 nmol/L, which was highly significant (P < 0.00001). In addition, the findings suggest that those with higher baseline 25(OH)D concentrations may ...

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Antioxidant supplements for liver diseases

Cited by 53 publications

References 81 publications

Design and Discovery of Some Novel Chalcones as Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents via Attenuating NF‐κB

Design and Discovery of Some Novel Chalcones as Antioxidant and Anti‐Inflammatory Agents via Attenuating NF‐κB

Effect of plant foods and beverages on plasma non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity in human subjects: a meta-analysis

Effect of vitamin d2 supplementation on serum 25 hydroxy-vitamin d3 levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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