Antioxidant Vitamin C Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Smokers

Heitzer, Thomas; Just, H; ̈nzel, Thomas Mu

doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.1.6

Cited by 520 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Supplementation of smokers with 2000 mg vitamin C per day for 10 days significantly reduced monocyte adhesion to cultured endothelial cells (Weber et al, 1996). Heitzer et al (1996) and Motoyama et al (1997) observed increased vasodilation in smokers given an infusion of 10-18 mg vitamin C/min (or a total dose of about 1000 mg). The longer-term effects of vitamin C on endothelial function have been studied in patients with coronary artery disease (Gocke et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Oxidized LDL (OxLDL) in turn may induce endothelial expression of adhesion molecules, like intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (Penn & Chisolm, 1994;Holvoet, 1999). Previous reports (Celermajer et al, 1993;Zeiher et al, 1995;Heitzer et al, 1996) have suggested that smoking induces endothelial dysfunction, which is regarded as an early event in atherogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin C supplementation (500-2000 mg per day) has been shown to reduce the in vitro LDL oxidation susceptibility and plasma lipid peroxidation products thiobarbituric acid-reactive substrates (TBARS) (Harats et al, 1990(Harats et al, , 1998Fuller et al, 1996). In addition, trials in which an infusion of 10-18 mg vitamin C/min (or total dose about 1000 mg) was given to chronic smokers provided promising results for improved endothelial-dependent vasodilation (Heitzer et al, 1996;Motoyama et al, 1997). Weber et al (1996) showed that supplementation of smokers with 2000 mg vitamin C per day for 10 days normalized monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does vitamin C supplementation influence the levels of circulating oxidized LDL, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and vWF-antigen in healthy male smokers?

et al. 2004

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Objective: To examine the effects of vitamin C supplementation on the concentration of oxidation markers, in particular, circulating oxidized LDL (OxLDL) and on endothelial activation markers. Design: Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Setting: Belgian population of the city of Leuven. Subjects: A total of 34 healthy male smokers aged 26-73 y. Intervention: Smokers were randomly assigned to receive either vitamin C (250 mg twice daily) or placebo capsules, each to be taken for 4 weeks. After a 1-week washout period, participants then crossed over to the alternative capsules for further 4 weeks. Mean outcome measures: Markers of oxidation (bilirubin, uric acid, a-tocopherol, retinol, malondialdehyde, circulating Oxidized LDL (OxLDL)) and markers of endothelial activation (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, vWF-antigen) were analysed. Results: Plasma ascorbate concentrations significantly increased from 46.6717.6 to 70.1721.2 mmol/l after a 4-week treatment with 500 mg vitamin C per day. The other plasma antioxidants concentrations, including bilirubin, uric acid, a-tocopherol and retinol, were similar in both treatment periods. Vitamin C did not change plasma malondialdehyde and circulating OxLDL compared with placebo (vitamin C 0.7370.25 mg/dl OxLDL; placebo 0.7270.21 mg/dl OxLDL). After vitamin C supplementation, neither sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 levels nor the concentration of vWF-antigen significantly differed from placebo condition. Conclusions: Oral supplementation of vitamin C is not associated with changes in markers of oxidation or endothelial activation in healthy male smokers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does vitamin C supplementation influence the levels of circulating oxidized LDL, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and vWF-antigen in healthy male smokers?

et al. 2004

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“…That ascorbate is beneficial to the endothelium in vivo is also supported by clinical studies of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in patients with endothelial dysfunction due to atherosclerosis Heitzer et al, 2001;Tousoulis et al, 2005) and related conditions, including hypertension (Duffy et al, 1999;Duffy et al, 2001;Taddei et al, 1998), smoking (Heitzer et al, 1996;Kaufmann et al, 2000;Solzbach et al, 1997), and diabetes (Tousoulis et al, 2007). Many of the studies in atherosclerosis used high doses of intravenous ascorbate to acutely demonstrate this improvement in endothelial function in humans.…”

Section: Endothelial Cellsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Inflammation in the vascular bed: Importance of vitamin C

Aguirre

May

2008

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

111

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Despite decreases in atherosclerotic coronary vascular disease over the last several decades, atherosclerosis remains a major cause of mortality in developed nations. One possible contributor to this residual risk is oxidant stress, which is generated by the inflammatory response of atherosclerosis. Although there is a wealth of in vitro, cellular, and animal data supporting a protective role for antioxidant vitamins and nutrients in the atherosclerotic process, the best clinical trials have been negative. This may be due to the fact that antioxidant therapies are applied "too little and too late." This review considers the role of vitamin C, or ascorbic acid in preventing the earliest inflammatory changes in atherosclerosis. It focuses on the three major vascular cell types involved in atherosclerosis: endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. Ascorbate chemistry, recycling, and function are described for these cell types, with emphasis on whether and how the vitamin might affect the inflammatory process. For endothelial cells, ascorbate helps to prevent endothelial dysfunction, stimulates type IV collagen synthesis, and enhances cell proliferation. For vascular smooth muscle cells, ascorbate inhibits dedifferentiation, recruitment, and proliferation in areas of vascular damage. For macrophages, ascorbate decreases oxidant stress related to their activation, decreases uptake and degradation of oxidized LDL in some studies, and enhances several aspects of their function. Although further studies of ascorbate function in these cell types and in novel animal models are needed, available evidence generally supports a salutary role for this vitamin in ameliorating the earliest stages of atherosclerosis.

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“…The adverse effects of smoking on vascular function have been examined in human subjects. These studies have shown that acute and chronic cigarette smoking impairs nitric oxide synthase (Zeiher et al, 1995;Silvestrini et al, 1996;Heitzer et al, 1996). However, a consensus of the causal relationship between electro physical disorders of the heart and consumption of smoking and smokeless tobacco has not yet been reached.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pacing Indications and Modes in Bradyarrhythmia Patients: Gender Related Differences

Singh¹,

Srivastava²,

Sethi³

et al. 2015

J App Pharm Sci

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Gender differences are increasingly recognized in cardiology. It is also well known that women have higher complications and a higher mortality related to coronary procedures. In arrhythmias, gender-specific variations in the electrophysiological structure of the heart or hormonal effects may explain some of the gender differences. The aim of this study was to evaluate gender differences according to their risk factors, indications and modes of pacing. A total of 267 patients who had pacemaker implantation for bradyarrhythmia indications were enrolled in our study. A pre-designed questionnaire was filled to record their baseline characteristics, clinical indications and mode of pacing. Out of 267 patients 190 were male and 77 were female. Data was analyzed with SPSS 16.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) The pacemaker implantation requirement was 31% significantly lower among males compared with females who were hypertensive (RR=0.69, 95%CI=0.58-0.82, p=0.0001) and 1.57 times (RR=1.57, 95%CI=1.32-1.87, p=0.0001) significantly higher among male patients than females who were the tobacco user in any form. The single chamber requirement was 1.41 times significantly (RR=1.41, 95%CI=1.16-1.71, p=0.0001) higher in males than females. The risk analysis showed that complete heart blockage (p= 0.02) and sick sinus syndrome (p= 0.01) were significantly higher in males as compared with females. In conclusion male patients had more CHB, sick sinus syndrome and syncope as primary pacemaker indication, compared with female patients. Smoking was the most prominent risk factor in male and hypertension in female and most importantly there were significant gender differences in indications leading to pacing.

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Antioxidant Vitamin C Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Smokers

Cited by 520 publications

References 21 publications

Does vitamin C supplementation influence the levels of circulating oxidized LDL, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and vWF-antigen in healthy male smokers?

Does vitamin C supplementation influence the levels of circulating oxidized LDL, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and vWF-antigen in healthy male smokers?

Inflammation in the vascular bed: Importance of vitamin C

Pacing Indications and Modes in Bradyarrhythmia Patients: Gender Related Differences

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