Antitumor effect of sonodynamically activated pyrrolidine tris-acid fullerene

Abstract

In this study, the sonodynamically induced antitumor effect of pyrrolidine tris-acid fullerene (PTF) was investigated. Sonodynamically induced antitumor effects of PTF by focused ultrasound were investigated using isolated sarcoma-180 cells and mice bearing ectopically-implanted colon 26 carcinoma. Cell damage induced by ultrasonic exposure was enhanced by 5-fold in the presence of 80 µM PTF. The combined treatment of ultrasound and PTF suppressed the growth of the implanted colon 26 carcinoma. Ultrasonically induced 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-1-oxyl (4oxoTEMPO) production in the presence and absence of PTF was assessed, and it was shown that 80 µM PTF enhanced 4oxoTEMPO production as measured by ESR spectroscopy. Histidine, a reactive oxygen scavenger, significantly reduced cell damage and 4oxoTEMPO generation caused by ultrasonic exposure in the presence of PTF. These results suggest that singlet oxygen is likely to be involved in the ultrasonically induced cell damage enhanced by PTF.

Silent Death by Sound: C60 Fullerene Sonodynamic Treatment of Cancer Cells

“…In order to follow up on previous studies that have evidenced sonodynamic effects of the C 60 derivatives towards cells in vitro [ 42 , 43 , 44 ], the US set-up for the treatment of cells was designed as a submersed model corresponding to a “well on water surface” configuration [ 55 ] ( Figure 7 ). Constant monitoring of the possible US effects on the temperature of the liquids in well-plates as well as on the cell viability (including “solvent” controls with sterile water equal to the volume for C 60 ) could confirm that the observed biological response can be attributed to the toxic effect of the combined treatment of cells with C 60 and US.…”

“…Compared to organic sonosensitizers, inorganic nanoparticles such as gold [ 39 ], silicon [ 40 ] and titanium dioxide [ 41 ] offer relatively high chemical and physiological stability and have also been demonstrated to be effective in SDT. The polyethylene glycol- [ 42 ], polyhydroxy [ 43 ], tris-acid [ 44 ] fullerenes and C 60 /PMPC (poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine)) complexes [ 45 ] have also been shown to efficiently induce ROS-mediated compact apoptotic cancer cell death once used in SDT. The pristine C 60′ s higher lipophilicity over its derivatives promotes its faster diffusion across the plasma membrane and facilitates intracellular uptake [ 7 , 46 ].…”

Silent Death by Sound: C60 Fullerene Sonodynamic Treatment of Cancer Cells

“…MHz US treatment set-up was developed to study cellular effects on HeLa cells in the combination with the excellent photosensitizer C 60 [4,5,6,10]. In order to follow up on previous studies that have evidenced sonodynamic effects of the C 60 derivatives towards cells in vitro [29,30,31], the US set-up for treatment of cells was designed as a submersed model corresponding to a "well on water surface" con guration [51]. Constant monitoring of the possible US effects on the temperature of the liquids in well-plates as well as on the cell viability (including "solvent" controls with sterile water equal to the volume for C 60 ) could con rm that the observed biological response can be attributed to the toxic effect of the combined treatment of cells with C 60 and US.…”

“…Compared to organic sonosensitizers, inorganic nanoparticles such as gold [26], silicon [27] and titanium dioxide [28] offer relatively high chemical and physiological stability and have also been demonstrated to be effective in SDT. The polyethylene glycol- [29], polyhydroxy [30] and tris-acid [31] fullerenes have been also shown to e ciently induce ROSmediated compact apoptotic cancer cell death once used in SDT. The pristine C 60 's higher lipophilicity over its derivatives promotes its faster diffusion across the plasma membrane and facilitates intracellular uptake [32,33].…”

Water‐Soluble Fullerene Monoderivatives for Biomedical Applications

“…In addition to the above examples, compounds 1 and 3 (Figure 1) were found to generate ROS making them effective photosensitizers. Additionally, compound 3 was shown to have sonodynamically activated antitumor effect [37–39] while compound 2 was found to have good immunological properties [40] . Compound 10 in Figure 1 while couldn't be isolated in substantial amount, showed strong PDT potential [41] .…”