Antivirals--current trends in fighting influenza.

Król, Ewelina; Rychłowska, Małgorzata; Szewczyk, Bogusław

doi:10.18388/abp.2014_1870

Cited by 50 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…92 Drugs that can block RNA production and others that limit viral integration are under investigation, but no clinical trials have been started. 93 Studies are also being conducted with immunomodulators, with the aim of reducing viral-mediated inflammation and alleviating its effect on the host. 94…”

Section: Treatment Of Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

Galván

Rajas

Aspa

2015

Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)

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Although bacteria are the main pathogens involved in community-acquired pneumonia, a significant number of community-acquired pneumonia are caused by viruses, either directly or as part of a co-infection. The clinical picture of these different pneumonias can be very similar, but viral infection is more common in the pediatric and geriatric populations, leukocytes are not generally elevated, fever is variable, and upper respiratory tract symptoms often occur; procalcitonin levels are not generally affected. For years, the diagnosis of viral pneumonia was based on cell culture and antigen detection, but since the introduction of polymerase chain reaction techniques in the clinical setting, identification of these pathogens has increased and new microorganisms such as human bocavirus have been discovered. In general, influenza virus type A and syncytial respiratory virus are still the main pathogens involved in this entity. However, in recent years, outbreaks of deadly coronavirus and zoonotic influenza virus have demonstrated the need for constant alert in the face of new emerging pathogens. Neuraminidase inhibitors for viral pneumonia have been shown to reduce transmission in cases of exposure and to improve the clinical progress of patients in intensive care; their use in common infections is not recommended. Ribavirin has been used in children with syncytial respiratory virus, and in immunosuppressed subjects. Apart from these drugs, no antiviral has been shown to be effective. Prevention with anti-influenza virus vaccination and with monoclonal antibodies, in the case of syncytial respiratory virus, may reduce the incidence of pneumonia.

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Section: Treatment Of Influenza Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

Galván

Rajas

Aspa

2015

Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition)

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“…Additionally, memantine functions as a glutamate antagonist, and is prescribed for relieving dyskinesia, a side-effect Article Related Abbreviations: DTAF, 5-(4,6-dichloro-s-triazin-2-yl amino) fluorescein; FC, fluorescamine; TF, tailing factor; USP, The United States Pharmacopoeia from the treatment of Parkinson's disease [2]. Rimantadine and amantadine are effective against a broad range of RNAcontaining viruses [3]. The mechanism of action of rimantadine involves the inhibition of viral-uncoating, which is highly effective against influenza A virus with little or no activity against influenza B virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In‐capillary derivatization with fluorescamine for the rapid determination of adamantane drugs by capillary electrophoresis with UV detection

Prapatpong

Nuchtavorn

Macka

et al. 2018

J of Separation Science

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In-capillary derivatization using fluorescamine as the labeling reagent was proposed to enhance the detectability of adamantine drugs (memantine, amantadine and rimantadine) by spectrophotometric detection. Fluorescamine and the drugs were delivered to the capillary electrophoresis instrument at a ratio of 10:1 by zone injection. The derivatization reaction occurred following the application of voltage (20 kV). The derivatized products, hydrolyzed- fluorescamine and excess fluorescamine were separated in 7 min using 100 mM borate buffer (pH 10.0) containing 0.1% w/v of Brij®-35 and 20% v/v of acetonitrile. Validation data showed good linearity (r > 0.98), precision (%RSDs < 3.4), and accuracy (recoveries ranging from 98.0 to 102.0%). The detection and quantitation limits are in the range of 6.0-8.5 and 18-25 μM, respectively. The validation data is comparable to reported methods, however, the current method offers better precision with enhanced sensitivity (up to six times). Applications of the method show percent labeled amounts found in the studied samples within 100.6-109.3%, which complied with the United States Pharmacopeia limit (90.0-110.0%). The method was simple, rapid and, automated, which required no extra instrumentation or skillful operators.

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“…Amantadine (1‐aminotricyclo[3,3,1,13,7]decane) and rimantadine (α‐methyltricyclo[3,3,1,13,7]decane‐1‐methylamine) are structurally related derivatives with similar biological properties. Both effectively suppress viral adsorption and are used, in combination with oseltamivir, for prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A viral infection . Additionally, amantadine is clinically used for treatment of Parkinson's disease by protecting the degeneration of dopamine neurons in aging people .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amantadine (1-aminotricyclo [3,3,1,13,7]decane) and rimantadine (α-methyltricyclo [3,3,1,13,7]decane-1-methylamine) are structurally related derivatives with similar biological properties. Both effectively suppress viral adsorption [2] and are used, in combination with oseltamivir, for prophylaxis Abbreviations: API, active pharmaceutical ingredients; Arg, l-arginine hydrochloride; BP, British Pharmacopoeia; BPM, brompheniramine; CD, cyclodextrin; TR, transfer ratio; USP, The United States Pharmacopeia Conflicts of interest: The authors have declared no conflicts of interest. and treatment of influenza A viral infection [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brompheniramine as a novel probe for indirect UV detection and its application for the capillary electrophoresis of adamantane drugs

et al. 2017

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Brompheniramine, an antihistamine drug, was employed as a novel UV probe for capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection of adamantane drugs (memantine, amantadine, and rimantadine). The probe possesses high molar absorptivity of 24 × 10 L/mol cm at 6 mM, which enables the measurement of these nonchromophore analytes without derivatization. The simple background electrolyte (10 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 5.0) containing 5 mM brompheniramine and 6 mM β-cyclodextrin) provided the separation of the analytes in a short time (7.5 min). Under these conditions, brompheniramine had similar mobility to that of the analyte ions resulting in symmetric peaks with minimal electrodispersion. The analytes displace the probe at a one-to-one ratio with transfer values close to unity. β-Cyclodextrin played a role in the resolution of the structurally similar adamantane derivatives. Method validation showed good linearity (r > 0.98), precision (%RSD ≤ 3.30), and accuracy (recoveries ranging from 98 to 109%). The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the adamantane content in pharmaceutical products.

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Antivirals--current trends in fighting influenza.

Cited by 50 publications

References 121 publications

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

Review of Non-bacterial Infections in Respiratory Medicine: Viral Pneumonia

In‐capillary derivatization with fluorescamine for the rapid determination of adamantane drugs by capillary electrophoresis with UV detection

Brompheniramine as a novel probe for indirect UV detection and its application for the capillary electrophoresis of adamantane drugs

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