Abstract:Background
Chronic wounds constitute a significant medical and social problem. Chronic wound treatment may be supported by various techniques, such as negative pressure therapy, phototherapy or stem cells therapy, yet most of those supporting therapies need more evidence to be used for standard wound care. Current study covers the use of sonicated Antlerogenic Stem Cells (ASC) extract on chronic wounds.
Methods
Study was performed on 20 dermatologi… Show more
“…Our results indicate that some other molecular pathway, not direct inhibition of MMP action through TIMPs are possible during antler stem cells`differentiation, involving other proteinases and factors. Although ASCs seem desirable in wound treatments and have already been used in such practices [ 30 ] we plan to expand our research to examine the effects of other potential mediators of differentiation and stem cell proliferation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…animals [28,29] and humans [30]. Therefore, we used deer antler cells as a model to study the interaction between RA and MMPs' action in stem cells.…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, RA increased the migration capacity of the mesenchymal stem cells in vitro by stimulating the expression and activity of MMP-2/-9 [ 27 ]. Stem cells are considered as a therapy in tendon transplants or dermatological conditions, and treatments have already been performed on animals [ 28 , 29 ] and humans [ 30 ]. Therefore, we used deer antler cells as a model to study the interaction between RA and MMPs’ action in stem cells.…”
Metalloproteinases (MMP)s regulate developmental processes, control angiogenesis and wound healing, participate in the formation of immune receptors, and are expressed in stem cells. Retinoic acid (RA) is a potential modulator of these proteinases. The aim was to determine (1) MMPs’ action in antler stem cells (ASCs) before and after differentiation into adipo-, osteo-, and chondrocytes and (2) the effect of RA on modifying MMP action in ASCs. Antler tissue from pedicle was collected approximately 40 days after antler casting, post mortem from healthy breeding five year old males (N = 7). The cells were isolated from the pedicle layer of periosteum after skin separation and cultured. The pluripotency of the ASCs was evaluated by mRNA expression for NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4. ASCs were stimulated with RA (100nM) and differentiated for 14 days. The MMP (1–3) and TIMP(1–3) (tissue inhibitor of MMPs) mRNA expression was determined in the ASCs, their concentrations in the ASCs and the medium after RA stimulation as well as profiles of mRNA expression for MMPs: 1–3 and TIMPs: 1–3 during differentiation of ASC to osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. RA increased MMP-3 and TIMP-3 mRNA expression and output (P < 0.05) and not influenced on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 mRNA expression and output in ASC (P > 0.05). Depending on differentiation of ASC to osteocytes, adipocytes or chondrocytes, MMPs`and TIMPs`expression profile fluctuates for all studied proteases and its inhibitors. The studies demand continuation considering the role of proteases in stem cells physiology and differentiation. The results may be relevant for the study of cellular processes during the cancerogenesis of tumor stem cells.
“…Our results indicate that some other molecular pathway, not direct inhibition of MMP action through TIMPs are possible during antler stem cells`differentiation, involving other proteinases and factors. Although ASCs seem desirable in wound treatments and have already been used in such practices [ 30 ] we plan to expand our research to examine the effects of other potential mediators of differentiation and stem cell proliferation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…animals [28,29] and humans [30]. Therefore, we used deer antler cells as a model to study the interaction between RA and MMPs' action in stem cells.…”
Section: Plos Onementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast, RA increased the migration capacity of the mesenchymal stem cells in vitro by stimulating the expression and activity of MMP-2/-9 [ 27 ]. Stem cells are considered as a therapy in tendon transplants or dermatological conditions, and treatments have already been performed on animals [ 28 , 29 ] and humans [ 30 ]. Therefore, we used deer antler cells as a model to study the interaction between RA and MMPs’ action in stem cells.…”
Metalloproteinases (MMP)s regulate developmental processes, control angiogenesis and wound healing, participate in the formation of immune receptors, and are expressed in stem cells. Retinoic acid (RA) is a potential modulator of these proteinases. The aim was to determine (1) MMPs’ action in antler stem cells (ASCs) before and after differentiation into adipo-, osteo-, and chondrocytes and (2) the effect of RA on modifying MMP action in ASCs. Antler tissue from pedicle was collected approximately 40 days after antler casting, post mortem from healthy breeding five year old males (N = 7). The cells were isolated from the pedicle layer of periosteum after skin separation and cultured. The pluripotency of the ASCs was evaluated by mRNA expression for NANOG, SOX2, and OCT4. ASCs were stimulated with RA (100nM) and differentiated for 14 days. The MMP (1–3) and TIMP(1–3) (tissue inhibitor of MMPs) mRNA expression was determined in the ASCs, their concentrations in the ASCs and the medium after RA stimulation as well as profiles of mRNA expression for MMPs: 1–3 and TIMPs: 1–3 during differentiation of ASC to osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes. RA increased MMP-3 and TIMP-3 mRNA expression and output (P < 0.05) and not influenced on MMP-1 and TIMP-1 mRNA expression and output in ASC (P > 0.05). Depending on differentiation of ASC to osteocytes, adipocytes or chondrocytes, MMPs`and TIMPs`expression profile fluctuates for all studied proteases and its inhibitors. The studies demand continuation considering the role of proteases in stem cells physiology and differentiation. The results may be relevant for the study of cellular processes during the cancerogenesis of tumor stem cells.
“…Compared with scar healing in rats, ASC-mediated wound healing exhibited higher ratios of MMP/TIMP and TGF-β3/TGF-β1, higher expression of IGF1, and lower expression of platelet-derived growth factor subunit B [ 59 ]. In clinical trials of ASC extracts involving patients with venous ulcerative dermatoses of the lower extremities, wound healing parameters were significantly better in the ASC extract treatment group than in the control group, demonstrating the potential application of ASCs in chronic wound healing treatment [ 77 ]. Fig.…”
Antlers are the only fully regenerable mammalian appendages whose annual renewal is initiated by antler stem cells (ASCs), defined as a specialized type of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with embryonic stem cell properties. ASCs possess the same biological features as MSCs, including the capacity for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, immunomodulatory functions, and the maintenance of stem cell characteristics after multiple passages. Several preclinical studies have shown that ASCs exhibit promising potential in wound healing, bone repair, osteoarthritis, anti-tissue fibrosis, anti-aging, and hair regeneration. Medical applications based on ASCs and ASC-derived molecules provide a new source of stem cells and therapeutic modalities for regenerative medicine. This review begins with a brief description of antler regeneration and the role of ASCs. Then, the properties and advantages of ASCs are described. Finally, medical research advances regarding ASCs are summarized, and the prospects and challenges of ASCs are highlighted.
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