Aortic wall proteomic analysis in spontaneously hypertensive rats with a blood pressure decrease induced by 6-week load-free swimming

Abstract

Abstract. Decreased arterial compliance is one of the earliest detectable manifestations of adverse structural and functional changes within the vessel wall in hypertension. The proteomic approach is a powerful technique to analyze a complex mixture of proteins in various settings. Physical activity level was negatively associated with blood pressure. Sixteen 4-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 16 Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomly divided into four groups: i) SHR exercise group, ii) SHR rest group, iii) WKY exercise group and iv) WKY rest group. In the SHR and WKY exercise groups, rats were treated with a 6-week load-free swimming protocol (1 h/day, 5 days/week). The blood pressure of the rats was tested by the CODA TM2 single non-invasive blood pressure measurement appliance. After the 6-week swimming protocol, the total aorta excluding abdominal aorta was extracted. The proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and identified via LC-mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. After 6-week load-free swimming, blood pressure decreased in the SHRs. Compared with sedentary SHRs, 11 spots on the 2D-gel showed a significant difference in exercised SHRs. Nine of these were chosen for further identification. There were 5 upregulated proteins (long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, heat shock protein β-1, isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit α, actin, α cardiac muscle 1 preprotein and calmodulin isoform 2) and 4 downregulated proteins (adipocyte-type fatty acid-binding protein, tubulin β-2C chain, 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein precursor and mimecan). Proteomics is an effective method to identify the target proteins of exercise intervention for hypertension. IntroductionHypertension is the most frequent chronic disease in the developed world. It is a multisystemic disease that affects the heart and kidneys among other organs. The overall functional, structural and biochemical alterations in vasculature have been extensively studied during hypertension, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Decreased arterial compliance is one of the earliest detectable manifestations of adverse structural and functional changes within the vessel wall (1). It has been shown that the proteomic approach is a useful technique to analyze a complex mixture of proteins in various settings, usually by combining two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS) (2). Bian et al (3) recently analyzed the proteome of aorta from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). They found that SHR showed a significant alteration in the aortic wall protein profile compared with normal rats.Exercise is a key antihypertensive therapy. It is reported that the physical activity level was negatively associated with blood pressure. In addition, the blood pressure can be decreased with long-term physical activity. Blood pressure of SHRs undergoing the physical activity protocol was lower than that of the normal SHRs. The functional and structural alterations in vasculature occurred in hypertensives following exercise t...

The diverse functions of osteoglycin: a deceitful dwarf, or a master regulator of disease?

“…Moreover, OGN expression is reduced in hypertrophic aortas induced by sinoaortic denervation in rats, and OGN mRNA levels correlate negatively with the degree of aortic hypertrophy (51). However, in spontaneously hypertensive rats with a blood pressure decrease, induced by a 6 wk exercise protocol, OGN protein expression was reduced in aortas of the rats when compared to those of sedentary spontaneous hypertensive rats, without blood pressure reduction (91). Finally, proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers in patients with calcified abdominal or thoracic aortic aneurysms revealed decreased OGN levels in the abdominal but not thoracic aneurysms, when compared to normal adjacent aortic tissue (92).…”

Identification of Aortic Proteins Involved in Arterial Stiffness in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Treated With Perindopril:A Proteomic Approach

“…Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase mitochondrial is involved with the energy production and Heat shock protein beta-1 is involved in protein folding. Interesting, Feng et al (2015) identified the same proteins after physical exercise in aorta of SHR, which means that perindopril treatment may be contributing to restart the normal function of the vessel, as well as exercise training does.…”

“…Only few studies have analyzed the protein expression profile of the aorta during hypertension ( Lee et al, 2004 , 2006 , 2009 ; Moriki et al, 2004 ; Bian et al, 2008 ; Feng et al, 2015 ; Lyck Hansen et al, 2015 ), and the results are fairly different. In the present study, when the functional classification according to the cellular component was performed, 30 different components were changed by hypertension (SHR C × Wistar), and most of them were related to the mechanical integration of the various components of the cytoskeleton and responsible for physical support for cellular constituents, as shown in Figure 2 .…”

Vascular Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Hypertension

“…In the past decade, proteomic approaches have provided comprehensive information on molecular features in cardiovascular diseases and advanced the understanding of ECM components involved in the fibrotic process (32). Proteomic studies have been increasingly applied in hypertension patients and experimental models, and several differentially expressed proteins have been identified (23,32,51,109). A quantitative serum proteomic analysis using the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification method identified 101 differentially expressed proteins between the essential hypertension group and the healthy control group.…”