Apelin's effects on young rat gastrointestinal tract maturation

Function and regulation of apelin/APJ system in digestive physiology and pathology

“…Antushevich et al (2013) found that pharmacological doses of apelin-13 may reduce the cell turnover (reduced apoptosis, mitosis, and DNA damages) in the upper GI tract epithelium and pancreas, improving the overall gut health. In a young Wistar rat model, apelin inhibited GI tissue maturation in young rats, regardless of the administration route (Antushevich et al, 2015). Although these studies have opened a window for us, further studies are required to clarify the specific mechanism of apelin's action in GI tract maturation.…”

“…Ohno et al () found that apelin‐12 dose‐dependently increased gastric acid secretion. Apelin inhibits GI tissue maturation in young rats (Antushevich et al, ). Bulbul, Sinen, Birsen, and Nimet Izgut‐Uysal () found that peripherally administered apelin‐13 inhibits GI tissue motor functions .…”

The apelin-13 influences the activity of pancreatic enzymes in young rats

“…and i.p. administration of apelin-13 in the stomach increased the number of cells expressing the enzyme 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG 1/2) indicating DNA damage in the cells (Antushevich et al, 2015). Such data allow us to suppose that the lack of apelin effect on gastric enzymes secretion may be connected with increased damage of cells responsible for secretion of pepsin and rennet in stomach.…”

“…The experiment conducted on IEC-6 cell line showed that apelin suppresses apoptosis, mitosis and DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine (OGG 1/2) expression in the intestinal crypts (Antushevich et al, 2014). In adult rats apelin exhibited positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract rebuilding and regeneration (Antushevich et al, 2013), in contrast to young rats (Antushevich et al, 2015). Apelin occurs in colostrum, milk (Mesmin et al, 2011) and in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract in young animals (Wang et al, 2009), which suggests presumable role of this peptide in gastrointestinal tract functioning in young organism.…”

Metabolic hormones in human breast milk are preserved by high hydrostatic pressure processing but reduced by Holder pasteurization

“…Breastmilk GLP-1 was proposed to be involved in infant satiety, glucose homeostasis and reduction of gastrointestinal motility (Müller et al, 2019;Schueler et al, 2013). Finally, oral apelin administration was shown to control intestinal maturation by modulating cell proliferation in the digestive mucosa in developing rodents (Antushevich et al, 2015).…”