Aplastic Anemia Associated With Administration of Chloramphenicol

Hargraves, Malcolm M.

doi:10.1001/jama.1952.02930310029007

Cited by 40 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Chloramphenicol has been implicated as a causative factor in some cases of aplastic anemia (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32). Since uremic patients are usually also anemic, further bone marrow depression that might result from chloramphenicol or its products may be difficult to detect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Antibiotics in Blood of Patients With Acute Renal Failure. Ii. Chloramphenicol and Its Metabolic Products in the Blood of Patients With Severe Renal Disease or Hepatic Cirrhosis*†

Kunin¹,

Glazko²,

Finland³

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

159

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Antibiotics in Blood of Patients With Acute Renal Failure. Ii. Chloramphenicol and Its Metabolic Products in the Blood of Patients With Severe Renal Disease or Hepatic Cirrhosis*†

Kunin¹,

Glazko²,

Finland³

1959

J. Clin. Invest.

159

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“…Chloramphenicol has been abandoned in developed countries due to association with serious adverse effects including irreversible and fatal aplastic anemia [10,11]. However, it is still largely used in the developing world, despite discovery of new antimicrobials with better activity and fewer side effects, to treat certain types of serious bacterial infections when other antibiotics cannot be used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Could chloramphenicol be used against ESKAPE pathogens? A review ofin vitrodata in the literature from the 21st century

Čivljak

Giannella

Bella

et al. 2014

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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The widespread use of antibiotics has been associated with the emergence of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria. 'ESKAPE' (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acintobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens play a major role in the rapidly changing scenario of antimicrobial resistance in the 21st century. Chloramphenicol is a broad spectrum antibiotic that was abandoned in developed countries due to its association with fatal aplastic anemia. However, it is still widely used in the developing world. In light of the emerging problem of multi-drug resistant pathogens, its role should be reassessed. Our paper reviews in vitro data on the activity of chloramphenicol against ESKAPE pathogens. Susceptibility patterns for Gram-positives were good, although less favorable for Gram-negatives. However, in combination with colistin, chloramphenicol was found to have synergistic activity. The risk-benefit related to chloramphenicol toxicity has not been analyzed. Therefore, extra precautions should be taken when prescribing this agent.

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“…Shortly thereafter, a flurry of case reports describing one or several individuals attributed aplastic anemia to chloramphenicol. 23,35,41,50,59,84,116,122,131,140,155,203,223,224,276,305,306 These case reports differed from Volini's and associates' observations in several ways. All of the patients had chronic, nonremitting, even fatal bone marrow suppression.…”

Section: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Drug‐induced leukopenia and aplastic anemia

Pisciotta

1971

Clin Pharma and Therapeutics

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Hematopoietic damage following treatment with certain medications remains a major problem of drug therapy. As long as drugs remain indispensable in the treatment of disease, this problem cannot be resolved simply by avoiding their use. Instead, development of information that pertains to the mechanism and prediction of drug‐induced blood dyscrasias must be acquired for the safe use of drugs. Forewarned is forearmed; if it were possible to identify a susceptible patient or a potentially dangerous drug, then the potential risk of producing a serious blood re action with treatment would be minimized. A precedent for this concept was established with the discovery that patients whose erythrocytes are deficient in glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase are unusually susceptible to hemolytic anemia if treated with oxidant drugs.41 For most of the other toxic blood dyscrasias, knowledge of the pathogenesis remains obscure because certain difficulties limit acquisition of such information. The mechanisms of a drug reaction produced by one drug may differ from that produced by another drug. Also, the rare incidence of druginduced blood dyscrasias has made very few patients available for studies. Few papers have appeared which deal with the mechanism of drug‐induced hematopoietic disease. In addition, the difficulties entailed in obtaining bone marrow and other specimens in sufficient quantity has restricted effective investigation. Since the technique required to study mechanisms of drug reactions may be complex and expensive, it may be logistically unsound for a laboratory to “tool up” and then sit back and wait for the first patient to arrive.

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Aplastic Anemia Associated With Administration of Chloramphenicol

Cited by 40 publications

References 5 publications

Persistence of Antibiotics in Blood of Patients With Acute Renal Failure. Ii. Chloramphenicol and Its Metabolic Products in the Blood of Patients With Severe Renal Disease or Hepatic Cirrhosis*†

Persistence of Antibiotics in Blood of Patients With Acute Renal Failure. Ii. Chloramphenicol and Its Metabolic Products in the Blood of Patients With Severe Renal Disease or Hepatic Cirrhosis*†

Could chloramphenicol be used against ESKAPE pathogens? A review ofin vitrodata in the literature from the 21st century

Drug‐induced leukopenia and aplastic anemia

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