Aplysia Neurons as a Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: Shared Genes and Differential Expression

Kron, Nicholas S.; Fieber, Lynne A.

doi:10.1007/s12031-021-01918-3

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 187 publications

(224 reference statements)

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“…The PKA pathway is also involved in the metabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP). A functional defect in PKA pathway decreases the secretion of the APP α enzyme and accelerates deposition of Aβ[ 55 ]. PKA inhibitors can not only inhibit the transduction of the cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway in the brain but also cause serious damage to the long-term memory in the brain[ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves flavonoids promote neuroregeneration and ameliorate memory loss in rats through cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis

Yao,

Liu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves flavonoids promote neuroregeneration and ameliorate memory loss in rats through cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis

Yao,

Liu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…Another recent study mapped the Aplysia proteome to humans and cross-referenced it with two databases of genes of interest in Alzheimer’s disease research. The results identified 898 potential orthologs of interest in Aplysia , 59 of which showed concordant differential expression across species ( Kron and Fieber, 2022 ). Aplysia provides an experimentally tractable animal platform for researchers to explore neuromodulation techniques that rely on basic physiological mechanisms.…”

Section: Differences Between Aplysia and Vertebrat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of an invertebrate animal model (Aplysia californica) to develop novel neural interfaces for neuromodulation

et al. 2022

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New tools for monitoring and manipulating neural activity have been developed with steadily improving functionality, specificity, and reliability, which are critical both for mapping neural circuits and treating neurological diseases. This review focuses on the use of an invertebrate animal, the marine mollusk Aplysia californica, in the development of novel neurotechniques. We review the basic physiological properties of Aplysia neurons and discuss the specific aspects that make it advantageous for developing novel neural interfaces: First, Aplysia nerves consist only of unmyelinated axons with various diameters, providing a particularly useful model of the unmyelinated C fibers in vertebrates that are known to carry important sensory information, including those that signal pain. Second, Aplysia’s neural tissues can last for a long period in an ex vivo experimental setup. This allows comprehensive tests such as the exploration of parameter space on the same nerve to avoid variability between animals and minimize animal use. Third, nerves in large Aplysia can be many centimeters in length, making it possible to easily discriminate axons with different diameters based on their conduction velocities. Aplysia nerves are a particularly good approximation of the unmyelinated C fibers, which are hard to stimulate, record, and differentiate from other nerve fibers in vertebrate animal models using epineural electrodes. Fourth, neurons in Aplysia are large, uniquely identifiable, and electrically compact. For decades, researchers have used Aplysia for the development of many novel neurotechnologies. Examples include high-frequency alternating current (HFAC), focused ultrasound (FUS), optical neural stimulation, recording, and inhibition, microelectrode arrays, diamond electrodes, carbon fiber microelectrodes, microscopic magnetic stimulation and magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography (MREIT). We also review a specific example that illustrates the power of Aplysia for accelerating technology development: selective infrared neural inhibition of small-diameter unmyelinated axons, which may lead to a translationally useful treatment in the future. Generally, Aplysia is suitable for testing modalities whose mechanism involves basic biophysics that is likely to be similar across species. As a tractable experimental system, Aplysia californica can help the rapid development of novel neuromodulation technologies.

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Animal models in neuroscience with alternative approaches: Evolutionary, biomedical, and ethical perspectives

Neziri,

Köseoğlu,

Deniz Köseoğlu

et al. 2024

Anim Models and Exp Med

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Animal models have been a crucial tool in neuroscience research for decades, providing insights into the biomedical and evolutionary mechanisms of the nervous system, disease, and behavior. However, their use has raised concerns on several ethical, clinical, and scientific considerations. The welfare of animals and the 3R principles (replacement, reduction, refinement) are the focus of the ethical concerns, targeting the importance of reducing the stress and suffering of these models. Several laws and guidelines are applied and developed to protect animal rights during experimenting. Concurrently, in the clinic and biomedical fields, discussions on the relevance of animal model findings on human organisms have increased. Latest data suggest that in a considerable amount of time the animal model results are not translatable in humans, costing time and money. Alternative methods, such as in vitro (cell culture, microscopy, organoids, and micro physiological systems) techniques and in silico (computational) modeling, have emerged as potential replacements for animal models, providing more accurate data in a minimized cost. By adopting alternative methods and promoting ethical considerations in research practices, we can achieve the 3R goals while upholding our responsibility to both humans and other animals. Our goal is to present a thorough review of animal models used in neuroscience from the biomedical, evolutionary, and ethical perspectives. The novelty of this research lies in integrating diverse points of views to provide an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of animal models in neuroscience and in discussing potential alternative methods.

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Aplysia Neurons as a Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: Shared Genes and Differential Expression

Cited by 5 publications

References 187 publications

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves flavonoids promote neuroregeneration and ameliorate memory loss in rats through cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves flavonoids promote neuroregeneration and ameliorate memory loss in rats through cAMP-PKA-CREB signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics analysis

Use of an invertebrate animal model (Aplysia californica) to develop novel neural interfaces for neuromodulation

Animal models in neuroscience with alternative approaches: Evolutionary, biomedical, and ethical perspectives

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