APNT for GNSS Spoof Detection

The crystallization kinetics and melting behavior of nylon 10,10 in neat nylon 10,10 and in nylon 10,10 -montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites were systematically investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallization kinetics results show that the addition of MMT facilitated the crystallization of nylon 10,10 as a heterophase nucleating agent; however, when the content of MMT was high, the physical hindrance of MMT layers to the motion of nylon 10,10 chains retarded the crystallization of nylon 10,10, which was also confirmed by polarized optical microscopy. However, both nylon 10,10 and nylon 10,10 -MMT nanocomposites exhibited multiple melting be-havior under isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization conditions. The temperature of the lower melting peak (peak I) was independent of MMT content and almost remained constant; however, the temperature of the highest melting peak (peak II) decreased with increasing MMT content due to the physical hindrance of MMT layers to the motion of nylon 10,10 chains.

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“…As shown in Fig. 6, the detection performance of GLRT by Monte Carlo simulations matches well the predicted performance curve given by (23).…”

Section: A2) Fully-spoofed Scenario In An Urban Environmentsupporting

confidence: 77%

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

Zhuang

Huang

et al. 2019

Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering

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“…The algorithm proposed in this paper includes two parts: spoofing detection and orientation. The detection performance has been analyzed in [32], [33]. The detection performance is mainly affected by the distance between receivers and the positioning error of receivers.…”

Section: Simulation Results and Performance Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Orientation of GNSS Spoofing Based on Positioning Solutions of Three Receivers

Chen

Cheng

et al. 2023

IEEE Access

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Spoofing poses a serious security threat to the satellite navigation system. Most of the current spoofing detection methods are based on the information in the receiver-solving process. Applying the above spoofing detection algorithm on the receiver requires a redesign of the original receiver, which limits the application of the deceptive detection method on the ex-factory receiver. In the case of single-station spoofing, the positions of the successfully spoofed multiple receivers are the same according to the deception signal, but the clock offset is different. The single-difference clock offset is positively correlated with the distance between the two receivers. Based on the above principles, this paper proposes a spoofing detection and spoofing direction method based on the positioning solutions of three receivers. The observation value of the baseline length is calculated from the position information in the positioning solution, and spoofing detection is realized by hypothesis testing. The clocks of the three receivers are synchronized. The Adaptive Delta Gradient Descent(ADGD) method is adopted to calculate the spoofing direction according to the single-difference clock offset in the positioning solution. The direction angle is optimized through the Interacting Multiple Model based on the volume Kalman Filter. The relationship between several parameters and the direction accuracy of spoofing is analyzed through simulation tests. Experimental results show that this method can effectively detect and orient spoofing. In addition, the detection and orientation method of spoofing has the advantage of fast response speed, which can realize fast spoofing detection and direction finding in a deception environment.

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“…First, multiple distributed receivers collaborate. A popular approach is to use differential GNSS (DGNSS) to compare the pseudorange measurements between receivers [17], [18]. This approach improves when the carrier phase is considered.…”

Section: Spatial Processing In Gnssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Spatial Spoofing Detection With and Without Direction of Arrival Estimation

Merwe

LIPKA²,

Rügamer

2023

IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst.

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Spoofing, the transmission of false global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals, threatens receivers. The first step in dealing with spoofers is to detect the attack. Once a spoofing attack is detected, spatial detection methods using an array of antennas can additionally mitigate spoofing through spatial nulling. This article presents a spatial spoofing detection approach using the estimated antenna steering vectors (ASVs) from direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. Further, the method is compared to blind detection and post-DOA estimation methods. Simulation results show that the approach is comparable to the current state-of-the-art if the same a priori information is used. However, superior performance is achieved if the attitude of the antenna array is known. The presented approach represents an alternative method for spatial spoofing detection that leverages the DOA estimates but remains in the ASV domain. Therefore, it benefits from noise modeling and ambiguity resolution.

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APNT for GNSS Spoof Detection

Abstract: Coast Guard Academy, having retired from the USCG as a Captain in 2009. His research interests include efficient digital filtering methods, improved receiver signal processing techniques for electronic navigation systems, and autonomous vehicle design.

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China

Detection and Orientation of GNSS Spoofing Based on Positioning Solutions of Three Receivers

Enhanced Spatial Spoofing Detection With and Without Direction of Arrival Estimation

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