Apocrine Secretion — Fact or Artifact?

HE6/GPR64 adhesion receptor co-localizes with apical and subapical F-actin scaffold in male excurrent duct epithelia

“…Spherical protrusions of HE6/GPR64-positive material were occasionally observed in this region that extended into the lumen of the ductuli efferentes. These bleb-like structures may not be an artefact but rather indicate apocrine release of cellular material (Aumü ller et al 1999, Hermo & Jacks 2002. Alternatively, energy depletion has been suggested to facilitate the formation and detachment of blebs by weakening apical membrane interactions with membrane cytoskeleton linkers, including ezrin (Chen & Wagner 2001).…”

The coagulating gland in the male greater cane rat (Thryonomys swinderianus): morphological and immunohistochemical features

“…According to Aumuller et al [3], apocrine secretory mechanism is another way of extruding soluble and membrane--bound proteins that are produced in the cytoplasm and intracellularly transported without the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus or the secretory granules. Glands that secrete by apocrine mechanism will normally have cells with apical blebs that contain secretory products and at different stages; some pinching off from the cell and discharged into the lumen and others still attached to the cells with few and scattered microvilli [32].…”

A Canine Case of Mixed Carcinoma of the Sweat Gland in the Footpad

“…Despite the controversy, in the literature, identifying the secretion pattern is suggested to be a key to make a diagnosis of the sweat gland tumor 5) . Aumuller et al 1) reported that the apocrine secretion process might not be an artifact. Therefore, the tumor in the present study might be derived from apocrine sweat gland because of the apocrine secretion observed in the neoplastic foci.…”

“…Atsushi Kawabata 1) , Jun Ando 2) , Kyohei Yasuno 1) , Tomoshige Baba 1) , Naohiro Uchida 1) , Masahiko Nagata 3) , Kinji Shirota 1)…”