Apolipoprotein E4 is associated with reduced calcaneal quantitative ultrasound measurements and bone mineral density in elderly women

Dick, Ian M.; Devine, Amanda; Marangou, Andrew; Dhaliwal, Satvinder S.; Laws, Simon M.; Martins, Ralph N.; Prince, Richard

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00851-7

Cited by 29 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Besides this overwhelming genetic evidence showing an important contribution of ApoE to lipid metabolism and atherogenesis, there is also evidence for an involvement of ApoE in neurological disorders, as the apoE4 allele was found to be associated with late‐onset Alzheimer disease (38) . Interestingly, the same allele has been reported to be associated with reduced BMD and increased fracture risk by several investigators (39–41) . Given the potential impact of these findings, it is surprising that there are still no published results on the analysis of a skeletal phenotype in the absence of ApoE, especially because other studies could not confirm an association of the human apoE4 allele with BMD (42–44) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Bone Formation in Mice Lacking Apolipoprotein E

Schilling¹,

Schinke²,

Münch³

et al. 2005

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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ApoE is a plasma protein that plays a major role in lipoprotein metabolism. Here we describe that ApoE expression is strongly induced on mineralization of primary osteoblast cultures. ApoE-deficient mice display an increased bone formation rate compared with wildtype controls, thereby showing that ApoE has a physiologic function in bone remodeling.Introduction: Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a protein component of lipoproteins and facilitates their clearance from the circulation. This is confirmed by the phenotype of ApoE-deficient mice that have high plasma cholesterol levels and spontaneously develop atherosclerotic lesions. The bone phenotype of these mice has not been analyzed to date, although an association between certain ApoE alleles and BMD has been reported. Materials and Methods: Primary osteoblasts were isolated from newborn mouse calvariae and mineralized ex vivo. A genome-wide expression analysis was performed during the course of differentiation using the Affymetrix gene chip system. Bones from ApoE-deficient mice and wildtype controls were analyzed using radiography, CT imaging, and undecalcified histology. Cellular activities were assessed using dynamic histomorphometry and by measuring urinary collagen degradation products. Lipoprotein uptake assays were performed with

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Bone Formation in Mice Lacking Apolipoprotein E

Schilling¹,

Schinke²,

Münch³

et al. 2005

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…The average of the two measurements of speed-of-sound (SOS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and stiffness were recorded and used in the analyses. Using the manufacturer's standards, the coefficients of variation (CV) for SOS and BUA were 0.43% and 1.59% respectively [1]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The free estradiol index (FEI) was calculated as the molar ratio of estradiol to SHBG. Genomic DNA was extracted and purified from ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA)-prepared peripheral blood for genotyping analyses [1]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bone structure, as measured by dual energy-x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is a phenotype dependent on circulating estradiol in postmenopausal women [1]. Another non-invasive modality of bone structural assessment, heel quantitative ultrasound and its modalities (including broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) speed of sound (SOS) and average stiffness) are also related to estradiol production [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A non-synonymous coding change in the CYP19A1 gene Arg264Cys (rs700519) does not affect circulating estradiol, bone structure or fracture

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe biosynthesis of estrogens from androgens is catalyzed by aromatase P450 enzyme, coded by the CYP19A1 gene on chromosome 15q21.2. Genetic variation within the CYP19A1 gene sequence has been shown to alter the function of the enzyme. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a non-synonymous Arg264Cys (rs700519) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with altered levels of circulating estradiol, areal bone mineral density or fracture.MethodsThis population- based study of 1,022 elderly Caucasian women (mean age 74.95 ± 2.60 years) was genotyped for the rs700519 SNP were analyzed to detect any association with endocrine and bone phenotypes.ResultsThe genotype frequencies were 997 wildtype (97.6%), 24 heterozygous (2.3%) and 1 homozygous (0.1%). When individuals were grouped by genotype, there was no association between the polymorphism and serum estradiol (wildtype 27.5 ± 16.0; variants 31.2 ± 18.4, P = 0.27). There was also no association seen on hip bone mineral density (wildtype 0.81 ± 0.12; 0.84 ± 0.14 for variants, P = 0.48) or femoral neck bone mineral density (0.69 ± 0.10 for wildtype; 0.70 ± 0.12 for variants, P = 0.54) before or after correction of the data with age, height, weight and calcium therapy. There were also no associations with quantitative ultrasound measures of bone structure (broadband ultrasound attenuation, speed of sound and average stiffness).ConclusionsIn a cohort of 1,022 elderly Western Australian women, the presence of Arg264Cys (rs700519) polymorphism was not found to be associated with serum estradiol, bone structure or phenotypes.

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“…The first of these studies included 275 women with mean age 75·1 (95 % CI 74·8, 75·4) years recruited from the Western Australian general population of women . 70 years of age (Dick et al 2002). All participants were healthy and did not have any medical conditions likely to influence 5-year survival rate.…”

Section: Participants and Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic acid metabolites as biomarkers for tea- and coffee-derived polyphenol exposure in human subjects

et al. 2004

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Tea and coffee are rich in polyphenols with a variety of biological activities. Many of the demonstrated activities are consistent with favourable effects on the risk of chronic diseases. 4-O-methylgallic acid (4OMGA) and isoferulic acid are potential biomarkers of exposure to polyphenols derived from tea and coffee respectively. 4OMGA is derived from gallic acid in tea, and isoferulic acid is derived from chlorogenic acid in coffee. Our major objective was to explore the relationships of tea and coffee intake with 24 h urinary excretion of 4OMGA and isoferulic acid in human subjects. The relationships of long-term usual (111 participants) and contemporaneously recorded current (344 participants) tea and coffee intake with 24 h urinary excretion of 4OMGA and isoferulic acid were assessed in two populations. 4OMGA was related to usual (r 0·50, P, 0·001) and current (r 0·57, P, 0·001) tea intake, and isoferulic acid was related to usual (r 0·26, P¼ 0·008) and current (r 0·18, P, 0·001) coffee intake. Overall, our present results are consistent with the proposal that 4OMGA is a good biomarker for black tea-derived polyphenol exposure, but isoferulic acid may be of limited usefulness as a biomarker for coffee-derived polyphenol exposure.

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Apolipoprotein E4 is associated with reduced calcaneal quantitative ultrasound measurements and bone mineral density in elderly women

Cited by 29 publications

References 22 publications

Increased Bone Formation in Mice Lacking Apolipoprotein E

Increased Bone Formation in Mice Lacking Apolipoprotein E

A non-synonymous coding change in the CYP19A1 gene Arg264Cys (rs700519) does not affect circulating estradiol, bone structure or fracture

Phenolic acid metabolites as biomarkers for tea- and coffee-derived polyphenol exposure in human subjects

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