Apoptotic Cell Death and Cellular Surface Negative Charge Increase in Maize Roots Exposed to Cytotoxic Stresses

Ning, Shunbin; Wang, L.; Li, Z.-Y.; Jin, Weiwei; Song, Yun‐Chun

doi:10.1006/anbo.2001.1370

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Both inhibitors could induce PCD in maize root tissues at high concentrations (Ning et al 2001) but could be used efficiently at lower doses to inhibit transcription and translation and block the process of cell death (Solomon et al 1999;Clarke et al 2000;Vacca et al 2004). Each inhibitor increased the number of dead cells when compared to control cells (by up to 8% after 48 h; Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…3a, some positive nuclei were detected after 48 h by TUNEL assay in control samples pre-treated with actinomycin D (less than 2%) or cycloheximide (less than 8%). This correlated with an increasing number of dead cells and can be attributed to the ability of these inhibitors to induce PCD at higher concentrations (Ning et al 2001). However, the number of positive nuclei in thaxtomin-A treated samples was significantly lower when cells were pre-treated with actinomycin D (22% compared to 10%) or cycloheximide (22% compared to 9%; Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Thaxtomin A induces programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells

Duval

Brochu

Simard

et al. 2005

Planta

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Thaxtomin A is the main phytotoxin produced by Streptomyces scabiei, the causative agent of common scab disease of potato. Pathogenicity of S. scabiei is dependent on the production of thaxtomin A which is required for the development of disease symptoms, such as growth inhibition and cell death. We investigated whether thaxtomin A-induced cell death was similar to the hypersensitive cell death that often occurs in response to specific pathogens or phytotoxins during the so-called hypersensitive response (HR). We demonstrated that thaxtomin A induced in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells a genetically controlled cell death that required active gene expression and de novo protein synthesis, and which involved fragmentation of nuclear DNA, a characteristic hallmark of apoptosis. The thaxtomin A-induced form of programmed cell death (PCD) was not a typical HR, since defence responses generally preceding or associated with the HR, such as rapid medium alkalization, oxidative burst and expression of defence-related genes PR1 and PDF1.2, were not observed in plant cells following addition of thaxtomin A. Thaxtomin A has been shown to inhibit cellulose biosynthesis (Scheible et al. in Plant Cell 15:1781, 2003). We showed that isoxaben, a specific inhibitor of cellulose biosynthesis, also induced in Arabidopsis cell suspensions a PCD similar to that induced by thaxtomin A. These data suggested that rapid changes in the plant cell wall composition and organization can induce PCD in plant cells. We discuss how rapid inhibition of cellulose biosynthesis may trigger this process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Thaxtomin A induces programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells

Duval

Brochu

Simard

et al. 2005

Planta

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“…In addition, cycloheximide appeared to enhance the PCD induced by EIX, leading the authors to conclude that protein synthesis may be important for controlling the levels of PCD in plants but that de novo protein synthesis is not a requirement for the induction of PCD. It has also been shown that both cycloheximide and actinomycin D can induce DNA cleavage, oligomeric ladders, and nuclear and cytoplasmic condensations in maize roots (Ning et al ., 2001). Interestingly, a recent study describing apoptosis of pea guard cells revealed that cycloheximide enhanced cyanide‐induced PCD, whereas lincomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial and chloroplast protein synthesis, inhibited cyanide‐induced PCD.…”

Section: Cellular Executionersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptotic‐like programmed cell death in plants

2008

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Contents Summary13I.Introduction13II.Apoptotic‐like cellular destruction in plants14III.Cellular executioners18IV.Senescence‐associated PCD: a case study22V.Conclusions23Acknowledgements23References23 Summary Programmed cell death (PCD) is now accepted as a fundamental cellular process in plants. It is involved in defence, development and response to stress, and our understanding of these processes would be greatly improved through a greater knowledge of the regulation of plant PCD. However, there may be several types of PCD that operate in plants, and PCD research findings can be confusing if they are not assigned to a specific type of PCD. The various cell‐death mechanisms need therefore to be carefully described and defined. This review describes one of these plant cell‐death processes, namely the apoptotic‐like PCD (AL‐PCD). We begin by examining the hallmark ‘apoptotic‐like’ features (protoplast condensation, DNA degradation) of the cell's destruction that are characteristic of AL‐PCD, and include examples of AL‐PCD during the plant life cycle. The review explores the possible cellular ‘executioners’ (caspase‐like molecules; mitochondria; de novo protein synthesis) that are responsible for the hallmark features of the cellular destruction. Finally, senescence is used as a case study to show that a rigorous definition of cell‐death processes in plant cells can help to resolve arguments that occur in the scientific literature regarding the timing and control of plant cell death.

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“…Among the scenarios, plasma membrane-associated events have attracted increasing attention considering its multiple functions (Renò et al, 1998;Ning et al, 2001). It has been reported that such changes of plasma membrane as lipid peroxidation (Tsuzuki et al, 2004) and phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization Tyurina et al, 2004) may be responsible for the apoptosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane-associated cytotoxicity induced by realgar in promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells

Gan

Yang

et al. 2006

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Apoptotic Cell Death and Cellular Surface Negative Charge Increase in Maize Roots Exposed to Cytotoxic Stresses

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Thaxtomin A induces programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells

Thaxtomin A induces programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension-cultured cells

Apoptotic‐like programmed cell death in plants

Membrane-associated cytotoxicity induced by realgar in promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells

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