Applicability of the bismuth bulk rotating disk electrode for heavy metal monitoring in undisturbed environmental and biological samples: determination of Zn(<scp>ii</scp>) in rainwater, tap water and urine

Morales, María de la Gala; Marín, Ma Rosario Palomo; Blázquez, Lorenzo Calvo; Gil, Eduardo Pinilla

doi:10.1039/c4ay01626b

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Anthropogenic activities, such as mining, industrial processing, vehicle emissions or agricultural fertilization, may lead to increase the concentration of this metals that may enter the human body through drinking water, air, food, or by absorption through the skin. The use of bismuth as a working electrode for the electrochemical determination of these trace elements in environmental samples have been largely proved as an effective alternative instead of mercury drop working electrodes [1,2,3,4,5,6]. These bismuth-based electrodes studies are focused in solving some of the problems that mercury electrodes show, namely, technical constrictions or toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion-Protected Sputtered-Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode for On-site Voltammetric Measurements of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Natural Water Samples

Frutos-Puerto

Miró

Gil

2019

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this work, we explore the protection with Nafion of commercial sputtered-bismuth screen-printed electrodes (BiSPSPEs), to improve its ability for on-site determination of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions in ambient water samples. The modified screen-printed platform was coupled with a miniaturized cell, in combination with a battery-operated stirring system and a portable potentiostat operated by a laptop for decentralized electrochemical measurements using Square-Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV). We also describe a detailed electrode surface characterization by microscopy and surface analysis techniques, before and after the modification with Nafion, to get insight about modification effect on signal size and stability. Optimization of the chemical composition of the medium including the optimization of pH, and instrumental parameters, resulted in a method with detection limits in the low ng/mL range (3.62 and 3.83 ng·mL−1 for Cd and Pb respectively). Our results show an improvement of the sensitivity and stability for Nafion-protected BiSPSPEs in pH = 4.4 medium, and similar or lower detection limits than comparable methods on commercial BiSPSPEs. The values obtained for Pb(II) and Cd(II) in natural water samples agreed well with those obtained by the much more costly Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, ICP-MS, technique as a reference method (recoveries from 75% to 111%).

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nafion-Protected Sputtered-Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode for On-site Voltammetric Measurements of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Natural Water Samples

Frutos-Puerto

Miró

Gil

2019

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there are still some problems to use the electrode such as a low detection limit comparing to mercury electrode and complication of preparing electrode including processes of additional washing or polishing of the carbon surface and dissolving Bi ions into the solution for the pre-deposition of the Bi on the film electrode. In order to overcome the above weaknesses of the Bi-film electrode, a Bi nanopowder-labeled electrode with a larger electrochemical active surface area was fabricated [57][58][59]. In this study, the nanoBi-fixed electrode sensor and a nanosized Bi-binding technology were developed to improve the electrochemical characteristics of Bi for detecting heavy metals.…”

Section: Electrochemical Analyses Using Bi Nanopowdermentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Catalytic Effects of Nanoparticles Synthesized by Levitational Gas Condensation

Uhm¹

2018

Novel Nanomaterials - Synthesis and Applications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the gas-phased methods of the levitational gas condensation (LGC) process was developed to obtain nanopowders with high purity. The instrument designed by unique concept using magnetically levitated melted droplet of metal is easily operated to synthesize nanopowder with highly defected surface. The complex compounds are also easily prepared using micron powder feeding (MPF) system in the instrument. The metals, ceramics, and carbon-coated metal nanoparticles prepared using the LGC are introduced in this chapter. Various applications such as magnetic and catalytic properties are also introduced. Nanoparticles prepared using LGC showed significantly enhanced catalytic activities during chemical reaction due to the high level of defects on their surface structure. The new heterogeneous catalysts of the solid nanoparticles were introduced in this chapter.

show abstract

“…then the relation (14) denoted for the surface of the voltammetric electrode polarized by the voltage with a static component and a triangular waveform variable component is:…”

Section: The Influence Of the Triangle Waveform Variable Componentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their commonness is connected most of all to its simplicity and relatively high accuracy. There are many different types of voltammetric methods [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. These methods differ from each other mainly in the voltage shape polarizing the voltammetric electrode, and in result, they also differ in accuracy of measurements conducted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, much more voltammetric measurements are conducted in situ, where the concentration of marked ions can change during the marking process [7,10]. Some questions raise concerning the accuracy of conducted measurements, metrological properties of voltammetric electrodes, and methods of their improvement [12][13][14][15]. Hence, some work is undertaken in order to define metrological properties of voltammetric electrodes and the influence of the electrode's shape and the shape of polarizing voltage on these electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Study of Metrological Properties of Voltammetric Electrodes in the Time Domain

Suchocki¹

2017

Applications of the Voltammetry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metrological properties of voltammetric electrodes, in the situation where on their surface an electrochemical reaction of oxidizing/reduction takes place, were analyzed in this chapter. The properties of electrodes on which a reaction controlled by ion transport process takes place were taken into consideration. Also, it was analyzed how the electrode's shape and the voltage polarizing the electrode influence this electrode's metrological properties. The result of the analysis conducted is that in case of a reaction controlled by charge exchange process, such a voltammetric electrode functions like a converter type 0. Its metrological properties in the time domain are defined solely by sensitivity. However, if on the surface of the electrode there is a reaction controlled by ion transport process, the electrode will function like a converter type I. Its metrological properties in the time domain are defined by the sensitivity and time constant. Numeric simulations were conducted in order to determine the influence of the electrode's shape and the polarizing voltage on metrological properties of the electrode. The results show that both the sensitivity and the time constant of the electrode can be influenced by choice of an electrode's shape and the shape of the polarizing voltage.

show abstract

Applicability of the bismuth bulk rotating disk electrode for heavy metal monitoring in undisturbed environmental and biological samples: determination of Zn(ii) in rainwater, tap water and urine

Abstract: Bismuth bulk rotating disk electrode applicability for SWASV of Zn(ii) and Cd(ii) in undisturbed environmental water and urine samples.

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Nafion-Protected Sputtered-Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode for On-site Voltammetric Measurements of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Natural Water Samples

Nafion-Protected Sputtered-Bismuth Screen-Printed Electrode for On-site Voltammetric Measurements of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in Natural Water Samples

Properties and Catalytic Effects of Nanoparticles Synthesized by Levitational Gas Condensation

Study of Metrological Properties of Voltammetric Electrodes in the Time Domain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About