Application of a multiscale, coupled MM5/chemistry model to the complex terrain of the VOTALP valley campaign

Grell, Georg; Emeis, Stefan; Stockwell, William R.; Schoenemeyer, Thomas; Forkel, R.; Michalakes, John; Knoche, R.; Seidl, W.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00402-1

Cited by 182 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…They found that aerosols reduced solar radiation and ozone mixing ratio in Los Angeles by 6.4 and 2%, respectively (Jacobson, 1997(Jacobson, , 1998. Since then, numerous new generations of on-line-coupled models have been developed worldwide, such as Multiscale Climate Chemistry Model (MCCM) (Grell et al, 2000), Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) (Grell et al, 2005) and Global Environmental Multi-scale-Modeling Air quality and CHemistry (GEM-MACH) (Moran et al, 2010). These models have been widely used for Europe and North America and they found that the interactions between meteorology and chemistry can be significant during strong air pollution episodes (Grell et al, 2011;Konovalov et al, 2011;Wong et al, 2012;Chen et al, 2014;Kong et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Wrf-chem Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of aerosol-radiation feedback on local air quality during a severe haze episode in Nanjing megacity, eastern China

Li¹,

Wang²,

Xie³

et al. 2017

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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Severe haze events and their radiation feedbacks exert a profound impact on the weather and tropospheric chemistry. Using the on-line-coupled Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model, this study investigates the impacts of direct aerosol-radiation feedbacks on local air quality (i.e. particulate matter and ozone photochemistry) during a severe autumn haze episode in Nanjing megacity, eastern China. Pronounced radiation feedbacks are found for the predictions of meteorological and chemical variables. In response to the negative radiative forcing of scattering-dominant anthropogenic haze aerosols, the instantaneous irradiance and temperature at the surface lower by 130 W m −2 and 1.1-1.4 °C, respectively, leading to a reduction of boundary layer height by 103.2-232.6 m (11-38%) and vertical wind speed by 0.1-0.8 mm s −1 (2-30% at mid-day) during this haze event. Such a stable atmosphere favours the accumulation of fine particles (30.5 μg m −3 , 28.7%) and NO 2 (6.0 ppb, 23.7%) in the urban pollution plume. The weaker turbulent mixing and photochemical activity associated with the enhanced titration loss, and reduced downward radiation and photolysis rate result in a 0.1−5.0 ppb (12.0%) reduction of near-surface ozone. The simulations highlight that the aerosol-radiation feedbacks play an important role in the atmospheric transport and chemistry of large urban pollution plumes.

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Section: Wrf-chem Model Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of aerosol-radiation feedback on local air quality during a severe haze episode in Nanjing megacity, eastern China

Li¹,

Wang²,

Xie³

et al. 2017

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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“…It was developed by Penn State University and National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU/NCAR) as a community meso-scale model in 1970s and has been continuously upgraded since then to its latest fifth version (Grell et al, 2000). The air quality model CMAQ/Model-3, which was developed by US EPA, is the third generation of CMAQ air quality prediction tool.…”

Section: Mm5-cmaq Modeling Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Monitoring and Modeling Study to Investigate Regional Transport and Characteristics of PM2.5 Pollution

Lang

Cheng

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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In this study, the regional transport and characteristics of PM 2.5 pollution were examined through a case study in Beijing, China. The results from an intensive monitoring program indicate that the inorganic particles (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium), organic carbons, and the elements accounted for 35.5, 24.2, and 15.3% of the total PM 2.5 on an annual average basis, respectively. The proportions of such PM 2.5 components also showed clear seasonal variations. An integrated MM5-CMAQ modeling system was then developed to examine the regional transport of PM 2.5 and its components in Beijing within four typical months of 2010. The results indicate that the annual average total trans-boundary contribution ratio (TBCR) is 42.2, 46.3, 77.4, and 61.6% for the concentrations of PM 2.5 , sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium, respectively. A logarithmic relationship was found between the total TBCR and the PM 2.5 concentrations in Beijing for different seasons. Further investigations showed that trans-boundary transport played a major role in Beijing's PM 2.5 concentrations during the period of high pollution levels, with an annual average TBCR of 54.6%. As a result, the control of PM 2.5 pollution in Beijing needs effective cooperation between Beijing and its surrounding regions, especially during periods of heavy pollution.

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“…As summarized by Pleim et al (2008), there are two approaches to coupling meteorology and atmospheric chemistry models. The first approach is to integrate meteorology and atmospheric chemistry such as in the MM5/Chem (Grell et al, 2000), WRF/Chem (Grell et al, 2005) and GATOR-GCMOM (Gas, Aerosol, TranspOrt, Radiation, General Circulation, Mesoscale, and Ocean Model) models (Jacobson, 2001a, b) that are created by adding atmospheric chemistry to the existing meteorology models. The second approach is to combine existing meteorology and atmospheric chemistry models into a single executable program with two-way meteorological and chemical data exchange such as in the twoway coupled Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model (Wong et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol indirect effect on the grid-scale clouds in the two-way coupled WRF–CMAQ: model description, development, evaluation and regional analysis

Mathur

Pleim

et al. 2014

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. This study implemented first, second and glaciation aerosol indirect effects (AIE) on resolved clouds in the two-way coupled Weather Research and Forecasting Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) modeling system by including parameterizations for both cloud drop and ice number concentrations on the basis of CMAQpredicted aerosol distributions and WRF meteorological conditions. The performance of the newly developed WRF-CMAQ model, with alternate Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) and Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs (RRTMG) radiation schemes, was evaluated with observations from the Clouds and the See http://ceres.larc. nasa.gov/. Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite and surface monitoring networks (AQS, IMPROVE, CASTNET, STN, and PRISM) over the continental US (CONUS) (12 km resolution) and eastern Texas (4 km resolution) during August and September of 2006. The results at the Air Quality System (AQS) surface sites show that in August, the normalized mean bias (NMB) values for PM 2.5 over the eastern US (EUS) and the western US (WUS) are 5.3 % (−0.1 %) and 0.4 % (−5.2 %) for WRF-CMAQ/CAM (WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG), respectively. The evaluation of PM 2.5 chemical composition reveals that in August, WRF-CMAQ/CAM (WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG) consistently underestimated the observed SO 2− 4 by −23.0 % (−27.7 %), −12.5 % (−18.9 %) and −7.9 % (−14.8 %) over the EUS at the Clean Air Status Trends Network (CAST-NET), Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments (IMPROVE) and Speciated Trends Network (STN) sites, respectively. Both configurations (WRF-CMAQ/CAM, WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG) overestimated the observed mean organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and and total carbon (TC) concentrations over the EUS in August at the IMPROVE sites. Both configurations generally underestimated the cloud field (shortwave cloud forcing, SWCF) over the CONUS in August due to the fact that the AIE on the subgrid convective clouds was not considered when the model simulations were run at the 12 km resolution. This is in agreement with the fact that both configurations captured SWCF and longwave cloud forcing (LWCF) very well for the 4 km simulation over eastern Texas, when all clouds were resolved by the finer resolution domain. The simulations of WRF-CMAQ/CAM and WRF-CMAQ/RRTMG show dramatic improvements for SWCF, LWCF, cloud optical depth (COD), cloud fractions and precipitation over the ocean relative to those of WRF default cases in August. The model performance in September is similar to that in August, except for a greater overestimation of PM 2.5 due to the overestimations of SO

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Application of a multiscale, coupled MM5/chemistry model to the complex terrain of the VOTALP valley campaign

Cited by 182 publications

References 40 publications

Impacts of aerosol-radiation feedback on local air quality during a severe haze episode in Nanjing megacity, eastern China

Impacts of aerosol-radiation feedback on local air quality during a severe haze episode in Nanjing megacity, eastern China

A Monitoring and Modeling Study to Investigate Regional Transport and Characteristics of PM2.5 Pollution

Aerosol indirect effect on the grid-scale clouds in the two-way coupled WRF–CMAQ: model description, development, evaluation and regional analysis

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