Application of Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems in Police Vehicles

Abstract

Motor vehicle crashes are one of the leading causes of injuries and deaths for police officers. Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) are driving control systems that have been found to improve civilian drivers’ safety; however, the impact of ADAS on police officers’ driving safety has yet to be investigated thoroughly. Disparities between driver states and tasks performed while driving between police and civilian drivers necessitate this distinction. This study identified the types of ADAS used in police vehicles, their impact on officers’ safety, and proposed potential future ADAS features to be implemented in police vehicles. A systematic literature review was conducted using Google Scholar, Compendex, Web of Science, Transport Research International Documentation (TRID), and Google Patents databases to identify the most prevalent police vehicles used in the U.S., available ADAS features in those vehicles, and the impact of ADAS on officers’ safety. A list of recommended ADAS features was developed based on the review of literature, authors’ knowledge and experience in the field, and the findings of an online survey with 73 police officers. Results indicated the addition of multiple ADAS features including the front vehicle detection system, intersection collision avoidance, evasive steering systems, left turn assist, traffic sign detection system, traffic jam assist, two lane and lane-ending detection, wrong-way alert, and autonomous highway driving features have the potential to improve officer safety and performance while driving. However, there was a void of studies focused on ADAS effects on police driving safety which needs to be addressed in future investigations.

Near-term impact of COVID-19 pandemic on seniors’ crash size and severity

“…There have been several studies revealing the positive impact of such AVTs to improve drivers’ lane keeping behavior by reducing the number of excursions beyond or near lane edges and remaining closer to the lane center ( Nasr et al, 2021 , Chen et al, 2020 , Furlan et al, 2018 , LeBlanc, 2006 ). In addition, there are multiple studies reporting the positive impact of such AVTs on senior drivers’ performance and behavior using driving simulator studies (Classen et al, 2019, Aksan et al, 2017 , LeBlanc, 2006 ).…”

Law enforcement officers’ acceptance of advanced driver assistance systems: An application of technology acceptance modeling (TAM)

“…One possible explanation for this observation is a lack of exposure to the ADAS features that would be the most beneficial to police officers. According to Nasr et al (2021) many officers do not have a wide range of ADAS features readily available in their vehicles, meaning that perceptions of ADAS as being easy to use or even useful may be biased by the lack of ADAS features LEOs have access to.…”

“…Some previous studies evaluated the ADAS technologies in police vehicle. For example, Nasr et al (2021) conducted a literature review to investigate types of ADAS used in police vehicles, their impact on officers' safety, as well as recommendations to improve the ADAS technologies. Similarly, Wozniak et al (2021) conducted a survey study with LEOs to assess their opinion on existing and recommended ADAS technologies.…”

Effects of non-driving related tasks during autonomous driving

“…Jednou z možností, jak minimalizovat riziko lidské chyby, jsou moderní technologie, mezi něž patří autonomní vozidla. Autonomní technologie převezmou řízení za řidiče, mají proto potenciál redukovat kritické události, které vznikají v důsledku chyb souvisejících s nepozorností řidiče a distrakcí pozornosti (Fagnant & Kockelman, 2015;Nasr et al, 2021). Proto dochází k rozvoji automatizace v oblasti silniční dopravy, která nabývá v několika posledních letech na významu.…”

“…i upevnit ve vozidle. Ukazuje se, že manuální držení předmětu negativně zhoršuje převzetí řízení (Shahini & Zahabi, 2021;Wandtner et al, 2018;Zeeb et al, 2017;Wan & Wu, 2018;Zhang et al, 2019). Zejména kombinace vizuální modality a manuální zátěže představuje vyšší bezpečnostní riziko (Jeyong a Liu, 2019; Wandtner et al, 2018).…”