Application of Biochar Derived from Different Types of Biomass and Treatment Methods as a Fuel Source for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells

Palniandy, Lithnes Kalaivani; Yoon, Li Wan; Wong, Wai Yin; Yong, Siek Ting; Pang, Ming

doi:10.3390/en12132477

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Table 1 also presents the elemental compositions of the biomass samples. As can be seen, the carbon contents in all cases ranged within 44.77-58.54%, which indicates suitability for use as a solid fuel [30]. As can be observed that the hydrogen content of UBC was low due to the thermal decomposition during combustion process, which is consistent with the results of proximate analysis.…”

Section: Potential For Synthesis Gases Productionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Physiochemical Characterization and Potential of Synthesis Gas Production from Rubber Wood Biomass by Using Downdraft Gasifier

Sultan

Palamanit

Techato

et al. 2021

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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Bioenergy has gained great interest in the recent years for being environmentally friendly and renewable energy resource. Southern Thailand is well-known for agro-industry including rubber tree plantations and processing, which provide biomass that could be applied to produce bioenergy. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the energy potential of Rubber Wood Chips (RWC), Rubber Wood Pellets (RWP), Unburned Char (UBC) from rubber wood, blended RWC:UBC (50:50%) and blended RWP:UBC (50:50%). The physiochemical properties including bulk density, proximate composition, ultimate composition, heating value, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and lignocellulose content were determined for the biomass samples. The thermochemical conversion of biomass to syngas was performed using a downdraft gasifier operated at equivalence ratio 0.3. The results showed that the biomass was rich in carbon (content ranging from 44.77 to 58.54%) making it suitable for use as a solid fuel for gasification or combustion. The moisture contents of the biomass samples were below 10%. The contents of volatile matter in RWC and RWP were 74.40 and 75.40%, respectively. The UBC had a high fixed carbon content (50.60%) and comparatively low volatile matter (19%). The bulk densities of RWC, RWP and UBC were 193, 555 and 177 (kg/m3), respectively. The TGA showed the maximum weight loss of RWC and RWP around 400 °C, but this was at 800 °C for UBC. The higher heating values of RWC, RWP and UBC were 17.8 MJ/kg, 17.4 MJ/kg and 19.3 MJ/kg, respectively. The RWC and RWP had high cellulose and hemicellulose contents while UBC was rich in lignin. The syngas obtained from any of these biomass samples was mainly CO (10.81-22.67%) and CH4 (0.06-3.16%) with the lower heating value ranging from 2.78 to 4.72 MJ/Nm3. These results indicate that rubber wood biomass in various forms has relatively high potential for bioenergy applications via gasification, and it can help to support the renewable energy sector in Thailand.

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Section: Potential For Synthesis Gases Productionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Physiochemical Characterization and Potential of Synthesis Gas Production from Rubber Wood Biomass by Using Downdraft Gasifier

Sultan

Palamanit

Techato

et al. 2021

Mehran Univ. res. j. eng. technol.

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“…Similarly, Jiao et al 50 used KOH to pretreat coal, and the results showed that high carbon content was an important factor for improving the performance of DCFC. Subsequently, Palniandy et al 51 found that the NaOH‐pretreated rubberwood as fuel also has high carbon content, low ash content, and a large amount of oxygen‐containing functional groups. The DCFC performance was better than that of the untreated fueled cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon derived from treated rice husk as fuel for direct carbon fuel cells

Yue

Cui

Wei

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC), as an environmentally friendly technology, strives to reduce polluting gas emissions, in the meanwhile, which can raise the value of preferably sustainable resources. In this work, an abundant and cheap resource‐rice husk is selected as fuel and treated with HCl, citric acid, and NaOH to evaluate the application in Solid Oxide (SO)‐DCFC. Co‐treatment of acid and alkali removes the ash and increases the carbon content of rice husk, and also introduces the oxygen‐containing functional groups on the surface, thus cell performance is enhanced. In particular, the cell using acid and alkali co‐treated husk carbon is capable of operating up to 100 hours under 0.7 V at 750°C.

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“…The intensity of this peak does not differ much, in good agreement with the reported moisture content via proximate analysis in Table 2. The peak exists between 2700 cm -1 to 3000 cm -1 indicates the presence of aliphatic C-H stretching in all biochar samples [9]. Besides that, a new peak was formed at the range of 2400 cm -1 to 2000 cm -1 when the black liquor-extracted compound undergoes pyrolysis.…”

Section: Surface Functional Groups Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The type and structure of carbon fuel affects the performance of DCFC significantly [8]. As an example, woody biochar generally produced higher maximum power density compared to non-woody biochar [9]. A high fixed carbon content in the biochar is desired for higher fuel value…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Black Liquor Derived Carbonaceous Compound as Fuel in Direct Carbon Fuel Cell

Teoh¹,

Yoon²,

Wong³

et al. 2022

IJIE

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Direct carbon fuel cell (DCFC) with higher power efficiency and lesser emissions is being viewed as a potential clean energy source. The application of renewable biochar as fuel for DCFC is found to be feasible to replace coal or carbon black for power generation. Black liquor from the paper production might be a suitable fuel source for DCFC due to its high lignin or carbon content. In this study, the feasibility of using compound extracted from black liquor as fuel source for DCFC was investigated in the aspect of physico-chemical and electrochemical properties. Suitable pyrolysis temperature in producing biochar from black liquor compound was first investigated. Results have shown that fixed carbon and ash content increased slightly with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The ash content is made up of majority of silica as depicted in FESEM-EDX results. Oxygen containing functional group was decomposed under high pyrolysis temperature of 700°C and 800°C. Besides, biochar obtained at 500°C of pyrolysis temperature has given the highest power density of 1.22 mW cm-2 whereas 1.44 mW cm-2 was obtained from coal which was used as the control. Future work on ash removal from the black liquor prior to pyrolysis might improve the potential of black liquor derived compound as a fuel source for DCFC.

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Application of Biochar Derived from Different Types of Biomass and Treatment Methods as a Fuel Source for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells

Cited by 39 publications

References 31 publications

Physiochemical Characterization and Potential of Synthesis Gas Production from Rubber Wood Biomass by Using Downdraft Gasifier

Physiochemical Characterization and Potential of Synthesis Gas Production from Rubber Wood Biomass by Using Downdraft Gasifier

Carbon derived from treated rice husk as fuel for direct carbon fuel cells

Application of Black Liquor Derived Carbonaceous Compound as Fuel in Direct Carbon Fuel Cell

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