Application of Catalysts to Automotive NOx Emissions Control

Bernstein, Lawrence S.; Kearby, K.K.; Raman, Anand; Vardi, J.; Wigg, Eric E.

doi:10.4271/710014

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The product distribution as a function of catalyst temperature in the nitric oxide reduction reaction is shown in Figure 1 for a Cu-Ni-Al2Os catalyst. This metal combination was suggested by the interesting results with a copper-nickel metallic alloy catalyst system obtained by Bernstein et al (1971). The Cu-Ni-Al203 catalyst was especially selective in forming nitrogen at Feed: 1.0% CO, 0.10% NO, 0.30% H2, 10% H20, 10% C02, and balance N2; ghsv = 38,000.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The control of nitrogen oxide emissions from^a utomotive exhaust requires their conversion to harmless forms of nitrogen. The catalytic reduction of exhaust nitrogen oxides can result in the formation of ammonia as well as nitrogen (N2) (Bernstein et al, 1971;Lunt et al, 1972;Hunter, 1971). Recent work in this laboratory and elsewhere has uncovered some of the chemical features of this system (Klimisch and Barnes, 1972; Shelef and Gandhi, 1972).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ammonia intermediacy as a basis for catalyst selection for nitric oxide reduction

Klimisch¹,

Taylor²

1973

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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confidence: 99%

Ammonia intermediacy as a basis for catalyst selection for nitric oxide reduction

Klimisch¹,

Taylor²

1973

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…control systems (Bernstein et al, 1971;Meguerian and Lang, 1971;Hunter, 1971). control systems (Bernstein et al, 1971;Meguerian and Lang, 1971;Hunter, 1971).…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemistry of catalytic nitrogen oxide reduction in automotive exhaust gas

Klimisch¹,

Barnes²

1972

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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may or may not adequately attenuate the pesticide to an acceptable level.In the case of lindane, little effective attenuation through adsorption to the sand substrate would be expected from a continuous source. If the pesticide entered the aquifer in a slug, it might be adsorbed immediately and effectively removed from causing potential harm to the water interests. The leaching by uncontaminated waters may cause sufficient dilution to negate potential problems. However, the initially adsorbed lindane would be expected to be readily removed and transported, which could possibly cause harmful results to interests susceptible to chronic low-level exposure.An aquifer contaminated by dieldrin might be expected to react somewhat differently. The considerably increased capacity of the sand for dieldrin would result in an attenuation over a short distance. Once attenuated, the dieldrin might be expected to travel at a much slower rate and in lower concentrations than lindane. This difference would be expected to be magnified in areas where the groundwater contained appreciable amounts of dissolved organics.Variations of pH, particle size, and temperature likely to be found in most subsurface environments would have little effect on the disposition of either pesticide in the aquifer. Simple batch-type tests on the other chlorinated pesticides for comparison of uptake capacity can be expected to yield insight to permit an estimation of their relative disposition in a given aquifer.

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“…They also have implications for the control of NO in automotive exhaust and for the mechanism of the formation of NH3 in the reduction of NO. exhaust systems when there is a low air/fuel ratio (1). Subsequent studies in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by Bradow and Stump (3) confirmed the production of significant levels of HCN over Pt-Rh and Pt-Pd automotive catalysts.…”

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confidence: 87%

Synthesis of Ammonium Cyanate and Urea by Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Platinum, Rhodium, and Ruthenium Catalysts

Voorhoeve¹,

Trimble²,

Freed³

1978

Science

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Nearly quantitative conversion of nitric oxide (NO) into N(2)H(4)CO has been obtained in the reduction of NO with carbon monoxide and hydrogen over platinum and rhodium catalysts. Depending on the temperature of collection, N(2)H(4)CO is isolated as ammonium cyanate or its isomer, urea. The process is an effective way of recovering fixed nitrogen from dilute industrial streams containing NO. Ammonium cyanate may play a role in the reduction of NO in automotive exhaust control.

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Application of Catalysts to Automotive NOx Emissions Control

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Ammonia intermediacy as a basis for catalyst selection for nitric oxide reduction

Ammonia intermediacy as a basis for catalyst selection for nitric oxide reduction

Chemistry of catalytic nitrogen oxide reduction in automotive exhaust gas

Synthesis of Ammonium Cyanate and Urea by Reduction of Nitric Oxide on Platinum, Rhodium, and Ruthenium Catalysts

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