Application of Functionalized DVB-co-GMA Polymeric Microspheres in the Enhanced Sorption Process of Hazardous Dyes from Dyeing Baths

Abstract

Intensive development of many industries, including textile, paper, plastic or food, generate huge amounts of wastewaters containing not only toxic dyes but also harmful auxiliaries such as salts, acid, bases, surfactants, oxidants, heavy metal ions. The search for effective pollutant adsorbents is a huge challenge for scientists. Synthesis of divinylbenzene copolymer with glycidyl methacrylate functionalized with triethylenetetramine (DVB-co-GMA-TETA) resin was performed and the obtained microspheres were evaluated as a potential adsorbent for acid dye removal from dyeing effluents. The sorption capacities were equal to 142.4 mg/g for C.I. Acid Green 16 (AG16), 172 mg/g for C.I. Acid Violet 1 (AV1) and 216.3 mg/g for C.I. Acid Red 18 (AR18). Non-linear fitting of the Freundlich isotherm to experimental data was confirmed rather than the Langmuir, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich. The kinetic studies revealed that intraparticle diffusion is the rate-limiting step during dye adsorption. Auxiliaries such as Na2SO4 (5–25 g/L), CH3COOH (0.25–1.5 g/L) and anionic surfactant (0.1–0.5 g/L) present in the dyeing baths enhance the dye adsorption by the resin in most cases. Regeneration of DVB-co-GMA-TETA is possible using 1 M NaCl-50% v/v CH3OH.

Studies on Preparation, Characterization and Application of Porous Functionalized Glycidyl Methacrylate-Based Microspheres

“…Polymeric microspheres derived from glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) are very attractive as a useful material with a broad range of applications. Copolymers are widely used as ion exchangers [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ], macromolecular supports for enzyme immobilization [ 21 , 22 , 23 ] or catalysts [ 24 ], column packings for HPLC [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 25 ], and dye remover [ 26 , 27 ]. Microspheres based on GMA are also widely applied in bioseparation [ 28 , 29 ], cell isolation [ 30 ], nucleic acid and protein purification and immunoassay [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ].…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Sorption Ability of Epoxy Resin-Based Sorbents with Amine Groups

“…The polystyrene anion exchangers with quaternary ammonium groups, such as Purolite A520E and Lewatit S5428, are characterized by significant uptake (≈ 835 mg/g) of AV1 but, unfortunately, they are adsorbents with much higher operating costs [ 28 ]. It was previously evaluated that divinylbenzene copolymer with glycidyl methacrylate, functionalized with TETA, is able to adsorb 172 mg of AV1 per 1 g and physical and chemical interactions are responsible for dye-binding [ 29 ].…”

Physicochemical and Adsorption Characteristics of Divinylbenzene-co-Triethoxyvinylsilane Microspheres as Materials for the Removal of Organic Compounds

“…Moreover, in the range of 900–650 cm −1 is possible to see deformation bands of C-H groups at benzene ring, therefore, the presence out of plane ring and H bending vibrations at 695 and 750 cm −1 is detected. Besides, the out of plane bending and twisted vibrations of vinyl groups at 908 and 991 cm −1 are observed [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

“…The proposed organic-inorganic microspheres show promising properties, especially as adsorbents for the removal of heavy ions and organic compounds from aqueous solutions and selective materials for solid-phase extraction techniques, because of their well-developed porous structures. Also, these materials are characterized by good thermal resistance [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”