Application of Fuzzy Delphi Technique Towards Designing and Developing the Elements for the e-PBM PI-Poli Module

Abstract

Along with the wave of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, shifts in the aspects of approach in teaching and the integration of learning technology should always be given careful research and planning. Therefore, this study aims to see the elements needed to integrate technology and delivery strategies to design and develop an online problem-based learning module for the Islamic Studies course (e-PBM PI-Poli) in Polytechnic. The design of this study is a quantitative study using the Fuzzy Delphi technique. A questionnaire instrument was used to collect research data. The number of experts involved was 17 people, those experts in educational technology, problem-based learning, Islamic studies, and curriculum. The data analysis results showed that the experts accepted all these elements through the expert consensus value above 75%, the threshold value (d) ≤ 0.2, and the fuzzy score (A) ≥ α - cut value = 0.5. Therefore, it shows that these elements have gained expert consensus and are needed to design and develop the e-PBM PI-Poli module in Polytechnic. This research provides tremendous implications to the lecturers and students and references Malaysia's education system to transform education through technology-based active learning.
 
 Keywords: Fuzzy Delphi, Islamic studies, Problem-based learning, Technology.

How can destination competitiveness play an essential role in small island sports tourism development? Integrated ISM-MICMAC modelling of key factors

“…Several authors (Hasson et al, 2000;Dawood et al, 2021) highlighted that purposive sampling is the best method to do FDM. Finally, we used Microsoft Excel software to analyse and assess experts' perspectives, as Mohamed Yusoff et al (2021) suggested. Figure 2 shows the proposed research framework and how to do it step-by-step.…”

“…For this purpose, we used the literature review to develop a research questionnaire. Literature reviews, pilot studies, and experience can provide helpful information for developing questionnaire items (Mohamed Yusoff et al , 2021). This research focussed on Kish Island (as a unit of analysis).…”

“…This ensured that the specialists were trustworthy and well-regarded in their respective fields (see Table 1). Studies in the past (Mohamed Yusoff et al , 2021; Gambatese et al , 2008) have shown that experts must have good scientific knowledge and enough experience and skills.…”

“…Hence, seventeen experts were regarded as a suitable sample size. As a non-probabilistic sampling approach, purposive sampling was also utilised to choose the experts for the study (Mohamed Yusoff et al , 2021). Since participants are not selected randomly, there is no guarantee of representativeness.…”

A Fuzzy Delphi Consensus Methodology Based on a Fuzzy Ranking

“…The Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was developed to overcome this problem through the combination of fuzzy theory and the classical methodology [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In general, FDMs usually use linguistic variables in designing the questionnaires to gather opinions from experts and, after that, they consider a defuzzification step; that is, a step in which linguistic labels (or fuzzy numbers) are reduced to real numbers.…”