Application of Geospatial Techniques in Analyst Distribution Patttern of Some Soil Properties in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region-iraq

Razvanchy, Hawar; Fayyadh, Mohammed A.

doi:10.26682/ajuod.2022.25.1.4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Nearly everywhere to the southsouthwest of the KRI, where precipitation and altitude are frequently limited (Figure 1C,D), the MSAVI2 reported much lower values. At all sites, MSAVI2 levels declined concurrently with lower elevations [69][70][71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Severity and Frequency Analysis Aided by Spectral and Meteorological Indices in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Gaznayee

Al-Quraishi

Mahdi

et al. 2022

Water

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In the past two decades, severe drought has been a recurrent problem in Iraq due in part to climate change. Additionally, the catastrophic drop in the discharge of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their tributaries has aggravated the drought situation in Iraq, which was formerly one of the most water-rich nations in the Middle East. The Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) also has catastrophic drought conditions. This study analyzed a Landsat time-series dataset from 1998 to 2021 to determine the drought severity status in the KRI. The Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI2) and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) were used as spectral-based drought indices to evaluate the severity of the drought and study the changes in vegetative cover, water bodies, and precipitation. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Spatial Coefficient of Variation (CV) were used as meteorologically based drought indices. According to this study, the study area had precipitation deficits and severe droughts in 2000, 2008, 2012, and 2021. The MSAVI2 results indicated that the vegetative cover decreased by 36.4%, 39.8%, and 46.3% in 2000, 2008, and 2012, respectively. The SPI’s results indicated that the KRI experienced droughts in 1999, 2000, 2008, 2009, 2012, and 2021, while the southeastern part of the KRI was most affected by drought in 2008. In 2012, the KRI’s western and southern parts were also considerably affected by drought. Furthermore, Lake Dukan (LD), which lost 63.9% of its surface area in 1999, experienced the most remarkable shrinkage among water bodies. Analysis of the geographic distribution of the CV of annual precipitation indicated that the northeastern parts, which get much more precipitation, had less spatial rainfall variability and more uniform distribution throughout the year than other areas. Moreover, the southwest parts exhibited a higher fluctuation in annual spatial variation. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between MSAVI2, SPI, NDWI, and agricultural yield-based vegetation cover. The results also revealed that low precipitation rates are always associated with declining crop yields and LD shrinkage. These findings may be concluded to provide policymakers in the KRI with a scientific foundation for agricultural preservation and drought mitigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Severity and Frequency Analysis Aided by Spectral and Meteorological Indices in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Gaznayee

Al-Quraishi

Mahdi

et al. 2022

Water

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“…The Great and Little Zab rivers flow from east to west, adding to the distinctiveness of this area. In contrast to the eastern part, the western and southern regions of the KRI display a relatively smoother topography, featuring rolling hills and sporadic flat plains (Razvanchy, 2008). Sulaimaniyah;2,Qaradagh;3,Sharazure;4,Saidsadiq;5,Penjwin;6,Halabja;7,Darbandikhan;8,Kalar;9,Khanaqin;10,Kifri;11,Chamchamal;12,Dukan;13,Sharbazher (Mawat); 14, Ranya; 15, Pishdar.…”

Section: Physiography Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Therefore, to boost the local agricultural industry, proper land use planning is required (Razvanchy, 2008). A database for soil characteristics and features is essential to agricultural planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Digital Mapping of Surface Soil Properties using Remote Sensing and Multivariate Statistical Analysis.

2023

ZJPAS

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Accurate prediction of surface soil properties is crucial for agricultural and environmental purposes. This study aimed to utilize geoinformatics approaches and Landsat OLI-8 data to predict specific physicochemical properties of the surface soil in Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). It also examined the statistical relationships between these properties and spectral reflectance, vegetation cover, soil/vegetation moisture contents, and elevation. The study made use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), as well as seven bands of the OLI image for the statistical analysis. The results demonstrated a statistical connection between organic matter (O.M.) and vegetation cover based on NDVI. It was observed that the northern parts of Sulaimaniyah exhibited dense vegetation, albeit covering a small area. Generally, mountainous regions had a higher proportion of canopy cover compared to other parts of the arid zone, with moisture availability being the most influential factor on vegetation. Moreover, the majority of the research area showed the highest CaCO3 content and a significant negative relationship was found between vegetation (NDVI) and soil moisture (NDMI) with organic matter (O.M.) and clay. Using geoinformatics datasets and techniques proved valuable in identifying, mapping, and investigating specific surface physicochemical properties in the study area.

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“…The majority of soils in Iraq are of secondary origin, meaning they are made up of materials that have been transported from their initial weathering site and deposited elsewhere (12). The nature of Erbil province has considerable variations in terms of topography, vegetation covers and types, rainfall rates, slopes, aspect ratios, elevations, agriculture practices (45). The objectives of this study are determining the degree of soil development using different criteria, furthermore, performing soil classification of studied pedons using the USDA-NRCS soil taxonomy system (48).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study Soil Development and Classification in Erbil Province, Kurdistan, Iraq Using Mathematical Indices

H. A. S. Razvanchy,

M. A. Fayyadh

2023

Iraqi J. Agric. Sci.

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The study area located at Erbil province, Kurdistan, Iraq, seven pedons were elected. Twenty-one soil samples were collected in the study area. Different physiochemical and fertility indices have been used to determine the soils development, despite of generating interpolated maps for them. The results indicated that the low values of clay were found in the less pedon developed and argillic horizon existed in development pedons. Study soils were non-saline, slightly to moderately alkaline, and had relatively high bulk density values. Organic matter is concentrated at the soil surface. Considerable total carbonates are found in studied soils and have irregular distribution manner, as well as have high CEC values. Low C/N ratio due to highly decomposed organic matter. The active CaCO3/total CaCO3 increases with depth in all pedons, while, slightly fluctuated in one pedon. The ratio of total clay in BH /AH was found just in some pedons and more than (1) therefore these soils are considered development, and are more developed depending on the ratio of fine clay/total clay. Soils are classified into three groups the first was the least developed soils, the second group has the most development. Third group are intermediate in their development. Pedogenic processes included leaching, illuviation, eluviation, alkalization, humification, lessivage, desalinization, calcification, decomposition, and littering. Studied soils classified as Inceptisols and Mollisols.

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Application of Geospatial Techniques in Analyst Distribution Patttern of Some Soil Properties in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region-iraq

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Drought Severity and Frequency Analysis Aided by Spectral and Meteorological Indices in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Drought Severity and Frequency Analysis Aided by Spectral and Meteorological Indices in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Predictive Digital Mapping of Surface Soil Properties using Remote Sensing and Multivariate Statistical Analysis.

Study Soil Development and Classification in Erbil Province, Kurdistan, Iraq Using Mathematical Indices

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