Application of ground penetrating radar in karst environments: An overview

Abstract

Kras kot kompleksen in heterogen sistem predstavlja za georadar velik izziv. Kljub vsemu pa lahko z dobro načrtovanimi georadarskimi raziskavami pridobimo dodatne informacije o plitvem podpovršju, kjer se odvija večina kraških procesov. Zaradi specifičnosti kraškega površja so v uvodnem delu predstavljene nekatere ovire in prilagoditveni pristopi pri raziskavah na krasu. Analiza pregleda objavljene literature je pokazala, da se georadar v kraških okoljih najpogosteje uporablja za zaznavanje jam in območij pogrezanj ter pri preprečevanju nenadnih porušitev tako v urbanih območjih kot tudi pri gradbenih posegih v prostor. Georadar se uporablja tudi pri raziskavah kraških vodonosnikov, epikrasa in raziskavah v kamnolomih. Poleg uveljavljenih aplikacij so predstavljene nekatere še neuveljavljene aplikacije, kot je uporaba georadarja pri raziskavah brezstropih jam in jamskih sedimentov. Glavni namen članka je prikazati in ovrednotiti možnosti uporabe georadarja v različnih kraških okoljih in spodbuditi njegovo uporabo za nekatere nove aplikacije in opozoriti na nujnost interdisciplinarnega pristopa v takšnih študijah.

Dynamics of hydrological and geomorphological processes in evaporite karst at the eastern Dead Sea – a multidisciplinary study

“…Neal, 2004) and has proven successful in identifying sinkholes and general analysis various attributes of karst systems, often in combination with other geophysical methods (e.g. Carbonel et al, 2014;Čeru and Gosar, 2019;Gómez-Ortiz and Martín-Crespo, 2012;Gutiérrez et al, 2011;Kaufmann et al, 2018;Kruse et al, 2006;Mount et al, 2014;Sevil et al, 2017). The method has proven especially useful to determine the limits between unsaturated 25 and saturated zone, image the water table in karst systems, and define the fresh-saltwater boundaries in coastal aquifers (e.g.…”

Dynamics of hydrological and geomorphological processes in evaporite karst at the eastern Dead Sea – a multidisciplinary study

“…The numbered blue and white dots represent the approximate locations of groundwater springs sampled during a previous field campaign in the study area in 1999, from Sawarieh et al (2000), and discussed further in Sect. 2. regional tectonic faults (Abelson et al, 2003;Closson et al, 2005;Shalev et al, 2006;Closson and Abou Karaki, 2009;Charrach, 2018). Two main approaches have been used to simulate mathematically such hydrogeological scenarios in or near the DS rift valley: (1) a "sharp-interface approximation" to the transition between hypersaline and fresh groundwaters (Salameh and El-Naser, 2000;Yechieli, 2000;Kafri et al, 2007) and (2) density-driven flow simulations that account for mixing of waters of contrasting salinities and densities (e.g.…”