Application of high-throughput chiral analysis of amphetamines by GC–MS to whole blood specimens

Fujii, Hiroshi; Hara, Kenji; Kashiwagi, Masayuki; Matsusue, Aya; Waters, Brian; Kubo, Shin‐ichi

doi:10.1007/s11419-012-0150-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Among these techniques, chiral chromatography (HPLC, GC, SFC) and electrophoresis (CE) coupled with ultraviolet (UV), fluorescence (FL) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection are still the predominant analytical tools [34] . A comparison of these general techniques [35] , [36] , [37] , [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] for the steroselective analysis of drugs and metabolites is presented in Table 2 .…”

Section: Stereoselective Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Technique Application Complexity Analysis speed Efficiency Cost Ref. HPLC CDR Samples that have the functional group to be derivatized with Moderate Time consuming derivatization Low Low [35] , [36] , [37] CMPA Samples that can generate diastereomer compounds with CMPAs Simple Long balance process in the column Moderately high Moderately high CSP Majority samples Simple Fast High High GC CDR Samples that can be gasified Complex Slow Low Low [38] , [39] CSP Simple Fast High High SFC Thermal instability and low volatile substances Simple Very fast Very high Low [40] , [41] CE Majority samples Simple Very fast High Low [42] , [43] NMR CDA Samples that have groups reacted with CAD Complex Fast High Low [44] , [45] LSR Ester compounds Simple Fast High High CSA Alcohols, amines, carboxylic acids, etc. …”

Section: Stereoselective Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Shen

Zeng

2016

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis

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Stereoselectivity in drug metabolism can not only influence the pharmacological activities, tolerability, safety, and bioavailability of drugs directly, but also cause different kinds of drug–drug interactions. Thus, assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism is of great significance for pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and rational use in clinic. Although there are various methods available for assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism, many of them have shortcomings. The indirect method of chromatographic methods can only be applicable to specific samples with functional groups to be derivatized or form complex with a chiral selector, while the direct method achieved by chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is expensive. As a detector of chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry (MS) is highly sensitive and specific, whereas the matrix interference is still a challenge to overcome. In addition, the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and immunoassay in chiral analysis are worth noting. This review presents several typical examples of drug stereoselective metabolism and provides a literature-based evaluation on current chiral analytical techniques to show the significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism.

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Section: Stereoselective Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stereoselective Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Shen

Zeng

2016

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis

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Simple and rapid analysis of four amphetamines in human whole blood and urine using liquid–liquid extraction without evaporation/derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

et al. 2014

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We developed a simple and rapid analysis method for the determination of four amphetamines in human whole blood and urine using gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). During the course of sample preparation, the evaporation process was found to be the weak point for amphetamine and methamphetamine analysis. Liquid-liquid extraction in this study was conducted without the evaporation step, and the upper solvent layer was injected directly without derivatization, which effectively prevented the volatile amphetamines from vanishing during evaporation and guaranteed the linearity of the calibration curves. This method showed good selectivity, precision, and accuracy, and at the same time was simple and fast. The limits of detection were 5 ng/ml. As an application of this study, a whole blood sample and urine sample from a drug abuse suspect were analyzed. This method may be able to meet the need for rapid and accurate confirmation of positive immunoassay results as well as quantification in clinical and forensic toxicological cases. To our knowledge, no forensic toxicologists have noted that such a basic and simple method, without evaporation or derivatization, is useful for routine analysis of amphetamines using GC-MS.

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Ambient ionization based on mesoporous graphene coated paper for therapeutic drug monitoring

Liao

et al. 2016

Journal of Chromatography B

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Application of high-throughput chiral analysis of amphetamines by GC–MS to whole blood specimens

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism

Simple and rapid analysis of four amphetamines in human whole blood and urine using liquid–liquid extraction without evaporation/derivatization and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Ambient ionization based on mesoporous graphene coated paper for therapeutic drug monitoring

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