Plant classification is the basic work for plant research, and it is of great significance to explore the relationship among plants. It is the most direct, effective and simple method to classify and recognize plants by features of plant leaves. In this paper, the original photos of mulberry leaves, pear tree leaves, plum tree leaves, silver poplar tree leaves, spiraea leaves, willow leaves are collected, and an operation interface of the incomplete leaf recognition system was designed to process the original image of incomplete leaves. After various characteristic parameters of incomplete leaves are obtained, the species of incomplete leaves are recognized by artificial neural network. Experimental results show that this method can effectively identify incomplete leaves.