Application of Inkjet Printing Technology to Produce Test Materials of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5 Triazcyclohexane for Trace Explosive Analysis

Windsor, Eric S.; Najarro, Marcela; Bloom, Anna; Benner, Bruce A.; Fletcher, Robert A.; Lareau, Richard T.; Gillen, Greg

doi:10.1021/ac101439r

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Using a calibrated ocular on a CCD camera, the average drop diameter can be determined with a repeatability of approximately 1% and an accuracy of +/−10%. [3] More robust methods have also been developed, including chemical analysis of the ejected drops by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) or UV/Vis spectroscopy, [4] or by weighing of the drops using an analytical microbalance. [3] In the latter case, drop-to-drop precision of the dispensed mass can approach 0.2%.…”

Section: Microdroplet Array Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Useful yields of organic molecules under dynamic SIMS cluster bombardment

Gillen¹,

Szakal²,

Brewer³

2011

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Useful yields have been measured for a series of organic compounds using Ar + , SF 5 + and Bi 3 + primary ion bombardment under high dose (>10 13 ions/cm 2 ) SIMS sputtering conditions on both magnetic sector and ToF-SIMS instruments. A precision inkjet deposition system was used to produce well defined arrays of microdrops on silicon with each deposit containing a known number of analyte molecules. The individual deposits were sputtered until consumed while monitoring the integrated characteristic molecular secondary ions for each analyte. The ratio of integrated counts to the number of molecules in the deposit defines the useful yield of the experiment. Measured useful yields varied from 1 × 10 −2 to less than 1 × 10 −8 depending on the compound examined, the probe beam used and the instrument configuration. Published in

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Section: Microdroplet Array Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Useful yields of organic molecules under dynamic SIMS cluster bombardment

Gillen¹,

Szakal²,

Brewer³

2011

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…Drop-on-demand inkjet printing was selected over other methods, such as spray deposition or dropcasting, because of the desire to maximize uniformity of the analyte. [20][21][22][23][24][25] . Drop-on-demand sample preparation has been shown to be an effective way to produce uniform samples of controlled quantities for investigation.…”

Section: Sample Configuration (Standoff)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace vapor detection and standoff detection of explosives

2016

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The Army is investigating several spectroscopic techniques (e.g., infrared spectroscopy) that could allow for an adaptable sensor platform. Current sensor technologies, although reasonably sized, are geared to more classical chemical threats, and the ability to expand their capabilities to a broader range of emerging threats is uncertain. Recently, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), employed in a sensor format, has shown enormous potential to address these ever-changing threats. PAS is one of the more flexible IR spectroscopy variants, and that flexibility allows for the construction of sensors that are designed for specific tasks.PAS is well suited for trace detection of gaseous and condensed media. Recent research has employed quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in combination with MEMS-scale photoacoustic cell designs. The continuous tuning capability of QCLs over a broad wavelength range in the mid-infrared spectral region greatly expands the number of compounds that can be identified. We will discuss our continuing evaluation of QCL technology as it matures in relation to our ultimate goal of a universal compact chemical sensor platform. Finally, expanding on our previously reported photoacoustic detection of condensed phase samples, we are investigating standoff photoacoustic chemical detection of these materials. We will discuss the evaluation of a PAS sensor that has been designed around increasing operator safety during detection and identification of explosive materials by performing sensing operations at a standoff distance. We investigate a standoff variant of PAS based upon an interferometric sensor by examining the characteristic absorption spectra of explosive hazards collected at 1 m.

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“…A key consideration is the reproducibility of the printing process for mass deposition of the materials. 75 This process has been evaluated for production of test coupons for ammonium nitrate, TNT, RDX, and sucrose on a variety of substrates. This process was found to provide precise control of areal density, but relevant fill factors and particle sizes may be difficult to achieve because of complicated solvent-substrate interactions.…”

Section: Standards For Optical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges for the Spectroscopic Detection of Explosive Threats

et al. 2014

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In 2010, the U.S. Army initiated a program through the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center to identify viable spectroscopic signatures of explosives and initiate environmental persistence, fate, and transport studies for trace residues. These studies were ultimately designed to integrate these signatures into algorithms and experimentally evaluate sensor performance for explosives and precursor materials in existing chemical point and standoff detection systems. Accurate and validated optical cross sections and signatures are critical in benchmarking spectroscopic-based sensors. This program has provided important information for the scientists and engineers currently developing trace-detection solutions to the homemade explosive problem. With this information, the sensitivity of spectroscopic methods for explosives detection can now be quantitatively evaluated before the sensor is deployed and tested.

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Application of Inkjet Printing Technology to Produce Test Materials of 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5 Triazcyclohexane for Trace Explosive Analysis

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Useful yields of organic molecules under dynamic SIMS cluster bombardment

Useful yields of organic molecules under dynamic SIMS cluster bombardment

Photoacoustic spectroscopy for trace vapor detection and standoff detection of explosives

Recent Advances and Remaining Challenges for the Spectroscopic Detection of Explosive Threats

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