Application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in biodiesel production: A review

Troter, Dragan Z.; Todorović, Zoran B.; Đokić-Stojanović, Dušica R.; Stamenković, Olivera S.; Veljković, Vlada B.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.04.011

Cited by 204 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 127 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…According to our previous experiences and on the basis of recent publications, ILs may promote certain reactions if they are used in small quantities as catalysts, additives, or cosolvents, and not as a solvent . More and more reactions, such as multicomponent condensations, additions, acylations, esterifications, alkylations, oxidations and halogenations have been described in the presence of 10%‐30% of a suitable IL to achieve better conversions in shorter reaction times.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Investigation of the effect of medium in the preparation of alendronate: till now the best synthesis in the presence of an ionic liquid additive

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The synthesis of the drug alendronate from γ-aminobutyric acid and phosphorus trichloride/phosphorous acid as the P-reagents is revisited using methanesulfonic acid and sulfolane as solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) as additives according to a novel approach. Besides elaborating efficient synthetic methods with a record yield of up to 80%, the misleading literature data were also clarified. It is a novel trend to use ILs as only catalysts or additives and not as solvents.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As mentioned in subchapter 2.1, ILs as additives may promote organic chemical reactions . In the first approach, sulfolane was used as the solvent, but 0.3 equivalents of [bmim][BF 4 ] or [bmim][Cl] was used as an additive (Scheme ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of medium in the preparation of alendronate: till now the best synthesis in the presence of an ionic liquid additive

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These materials are receiving a lot of attention due to their potential applications in metal deposition and as green media in chemical reactions [43]. James et al have reported the preparation of DESs Reline 200 (choline chloride:urea, 1:2), choline chloride:zinc chloride (1:2) and choline chloride:D-fructose (1.6:1) by TSE [44].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrusion – back to the future: Using an established technique to reform automated chemical synthesis

Crawford¹

2017

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herein, the benefits which extrusion can provide for the automated continuous synthesis of organic compounds are highlighted. Extrusion is a well-established technique that has a vital role in the manufacturing processes of polymers, pharmaceuticals and food products. Furthermore, this technique has recently been applied to the solvent-free continuous synthesis of co-crystals and coordination compounds including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). To date, a vast amount of research has already been conducted into reactive extrusion (REX), particularly in the polymer industry, which in many cases has involved organic transformations, however, it has not received significant recognition for this. This review highlights these transformations and discusses how this previous research can be applied to the future of organic compound manufacture.

show abstract

“…In multiphase batch stirred reactors, this problem can be overcome by enhancing the mass transfer rate in two ways: i) by intensive agitation (leading to increased liquid-liquid contact area) or ii) by addition of a cosolvent into the reaction mixture (resulting in improvement of the mutual miscibility of the reactants). Commonly used cosolvents in transesterification reactions are organic solvents [9,12], ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents [13]; they are applied in both homogeneously- [12] and heterogeneously-catalyzed transesterification reactions [8,12], as well as in supercritical transesterification [14]. One of the commonly used "green" solvents is triethanolamine (TEOA), an amino alcohol, well known as a surfactant, applied in various cosmetic formulations, polishes, metalworking fluids, paints and printing inks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triethanolamine as an efficient cosolvent for biodiesel production by CaO-catalyzed sunflower oil ethanolysis: An optimization study

Đokić-Stojanović

Todorović

Troter

et al. 2019

Hem Ind

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Triethanolamine was applied as an efficient "green" cosolvent for biodiesel production by CaOcatalyzed ethanolysis of sunflower oil. The reaction was conducted in a batch stirred reactor and optimized with respect to the reaction temperature (61.6-78.4 °C), the ethanol-to-oil molar ratio (7:1-17:1) and the cosolvent loading (3-36 % of the oil weight) by using a rotatable central composite design (RCCD) combined with the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal reaction conditions were found to be: the ethanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1, the reaction temperature of 75 °C and the cosolvent loading of 30 % to oil weight, which resulted in the predicted and actual fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) contents of 98.8 % and 97.9±1.3 %, respectively, achieved within only 20 min of the reaction. Also, high FAEE contents were obtained with expired sunflower oil, hempseed oil and waste lard. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) was used to understand the changes in the CaO phase. The CaO catalyst can be used without any treatment in two consecutive cycles. Due to the calcium leaching into the product, an additional purification stage must be included in the overall process.

show abstract

Application of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents in biodiesel production: A review

Cited by 204 publications

References 127 publications

Investigation of the effect of medium in the preparation of alendronate: till now the best synthesis in the presence of an ionic liquid additive

Investigation of the effect of medium in the preparation of alendronate: till now the best synthesis in the presence of an ionic liquid additive

Extrusion – back to the future: Using an established technique to reform automated chemical synthesis

Triethanolamine as an efficient cosolvent for biodiesel production by CaO-catalyzed sunflower oil ethanolysis: An optimization study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About