Application of Molecular Genetics to the Diagnosis of Inherited Diseases

Brown, Jamesw .

doi:10.1016/0307-4412(92)90129-a

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Among various enzymes, α-chymotrypsin (CT) is one of the most well-studied model enzymes which is widely used in biocatalysis. − Therefore, preservation of catalytically active and structurally stable CT is very important for its robust applications in chemical and pharmaceutical industries. CT is the major proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas into the intestinal lumen .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CT is the major proteolytic enzyme secreted by the pancreas into the intestinal lumen . The CT is composed of 245 amino acids, and a catalytic trio is created by histidine (His) 57, aspartic acid (Asp) 102, and serine (Ser) 195, which is the reactive group and part of the second domain. − It selectively slashes peptide bonds formed by aromatic residues tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), and tryptophan (Trp) . CT demonstrates a wide array of applications including anticancer activity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expanding the Potential Role of Deep Eutectic Solvents toward Facilitating the Structural and Thermal Stability of α-Chymotrypsin

Yadav

Bhakuni

Bisht

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Since the introduction of deep eutectic solvents (DESs), numerous reports have surfaced describing its tunable properties and environmentally benign nature. Due to such favorable properties of DESs, they have found a wide variety of applications. Moreover, in order to harness the potential of proteins in numerous industries, there is an emergent need to find a suitable cosolvent that is biocompatible with protein and is also environmentally safe. In this context, this work presents a systematic evaluation of effect of two deep eutectic solvents (DESs), namely, choline chloride-urea (ChCl-urea) and choline chloride-glycerol (ChCl-gly) on the structural and thermal stability along with activity of enzyme α-chymotrypsin (CT) using circular dichroism (CD), UV–visible, steady state, and thermal fluorescence spectroscopy. It was observed that the presence of DESs does lead to enhancement in the thermal stability of CT along with the preservation of activity. The enzymatic activity was well maintained in both the DESs, and the deleterious effect of urea was overcome by ChCl-urea on the enzyme. Also, desirable results were observed for ChCl-urea, despite having urea as one of its major components. Thus, the negative outcome of urea was overpowered by the combination of ChCl and urea. Furthermore, all the biomolecular studies were also performed with the individual constituents of DESs. It was found that the effect imparted by both the ChCl-based DESs on CT is by the virtue of DES itself rather than its individual constituent. Overall, both the DESs can be described as potential biocompatible, sustainable, and promising cosolvents for CT with enhanced structural and thermal stability along with preservation of its activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding the Potential Role of Deep Eutectic Solvents toward Facilitating the Structural and Thermal Stability of α-Chymotrypsin

Yadav

Bhakuni

Bisht

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Evaluation of biological activities, structural and conformational properties of bovine beta- and alpha-trypsin isoforms in aqueous-organic media

Rosa

Cruz

Pereira

et al. 2021

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Magnitude and direction of parasite‐induced phenotypic alterations: a meta‐analysis in acanthocephalans

et al. 2020

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Several parasite species have the ability to modify their host's phenotype to their own advantage thereby increasing the probability of transmission from one host to another. This phenomenon of host manipulation is interpreted as the expression of a parasite extended phenotype. Manipulative parasites generally affect multiple phenotypic traits in their hosts, although both the extent and adaptive significance of such multidimensionality in host manipulation is still poorly documented. To review the multidimensionality and magnitude of host manipulation, and to understand the causes of variation in trait value alteration, we performed a phylogenetically corrected meta‐analysis, focusing on a model taxon: acanthocephalan parasites. Acanthocephala is a phylum of helminth parasites that use vertebrates as final hosts and invertebrates as intermediate hosts, and is one of the few parasite groups for which manipulation is predicted to be ancestral. We compiled 279 estimates of parasite‐induced alterations in phenotypic trait value, from 81 studies and 13 acanthocephalan species, allocating a sign to effect size estimates according to the direction of alteration favouring parasite transmission, and grouped traits by category. Phylogenetic inertia accounted for a low proportion of variation in effect sizes. The overall average alteration of trait value was moderate and positive when considering the expected effect of alterations on trophic transmission success (signed effect sizes, after the onset of parasite infectivity to the final host). Variation in the alteration of trait value was affected by the category of phenotypic trait, with the largest alterations being reversed taxis/phobia and responses to stimuli, and increased vulnerability to predation, changes to reproductive traits (behavioural or physiological castration) and immunosuppression. Parasite transmission would thereby be facilitated mainly by changing mainly the choice of micro‐habitat and the anti‐predation behaviour of infected hosts, and by promoting energy‐saving strategies in the host. In addition, infection with larval stages not yet infective to definitive hosts (acanthella) tends to induce opposite effects of comparable magnitude to infection with the infective stage (cystacanth), although this result should be considered with caution due to the low number of estimates with acanthella. This analysis raises important issues that should be considered in future studies investigating the adaptive significance of host manipulation, not only in acanthocephalans but also in other taxa. Specifically, the contribution of phenotypic traits to parasite transmission and the range of taxonomic diversity covered deserve thorough attention. In addition, the relationship between behaviour and immunity across parasite developmental stages and host–parasite systems (the neuropsychoimmune hypothesis of host manipulation), still awaits experimental evidence. Most of these issues apply more broadly to reported cases of host manipulation by other groups of par...

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Application of Molecular Genetics to the Diagnosis of Inherited Diseases

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Expanding the Potential Role of Deep Eutectic Solvents toward Facilitating the Structural and Thermal Stability of α-Chymotrypsin

Expanding the Potential Role of Deep Eutectic Solvents toward Facilitating the Structural and Thermal Stability of α-Chymotrypsin

Evaluation of biological activities, structural and conformational properties of bovine beta- and alpha-trypsin isoforms in aqueous-organic media

Magnitude and direction of parasite‐induced phenotypic alterations: a meta‐analysis in acanthocephalans

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