Application of operant conditioning procedures to the behaviour problems of an autistic child

Wolf, Montrose M.; Risley, Todd R.; Mees, H

doi:10.1016/0005-7967(63)90045-7

Cited by 620 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It yielded two publications; we included both. The first was Wolf, Risley, and Mess's (1964) report of reducing Dicky's institution-based temper tantrums, bedtime and mealtime problems, and throwing his eyeglasses by shaping wearing the glasses, increasing appropriate verbal behavior, and training his parents to apply the procedures. The second was Wolf, Risley, Johnston, Harris, and Allen's (1967) extension of this program to reduce Dicky's schooland home-based tantrums, slapping himself, and pinching others and to improve his personal and social behavior (e.g., toilet training, mutual play).…”

Section: The Early Applied Behavioral Research Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…34-36, 734) included it in their glossary and described its arrangement; Ferster (1957) used it as an aversive stimulus. The first published use of the term and practice in applied behavior analysis seems to have been Wolf et al (1964), who cited Ferster and Appel (1961) on the use of the term and procedure. For their practice, they put Dicky in his room contingent on his temper tantrums.…”

Section: Convergent Validity: the Included Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early assessments of Wolf's research on Dicky's severe problem behavior described Wolf et al (1964) as ''one of the earliest and most influential cases'' in clinical applications (Kazdin, 1977, p. 28) and ''an extremely influential report'' (Kazdin, 1978, p. 268; see also Kazdin, 1982, p. 23). It was later referred to as ''the premier study of behavior modification'' (Risley, 1997, p. 378; see also Risley, 2001, p. 269), the ''initial study'' in the behavioral treatment of children with autism (Sundberg & Michael, 2001, p. 698), a ''classic study'' (Rutherford, 2009, p. 57), and one of the ''five early studies that shaped applied behavior analysis'' (Michael, 2004).…”

Section: Convergent Validity: the Included Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Still, these publications participated in the field's founding; many of them contributed to its growth and dissemination; and some were influential (Kazdin, 1978;Rutherford, 2009). For instance, reports of qualitative research (e.g., ) may have been an impetus for quantitative research (e.g., applications for children with autism; e.g., Wolf et al, 1964). Behavioral interpretations (e.g., may have suggested controlling variables that might be altered in applications (e.g., variables in eating disorders; e.g., Ayllon & Haughton, 1962;Ayllon & Michael, 1959).…”

Section: Discriminant Validity: the Excluded Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Behavioral interpretations (e.g., may have suggested controlling variables that might be altered in applications (e.g., variables in eating disorders; e.g., Ayllon & Haughton, 1962;Ayllon & Michael, 1959). 18 And, reports of research methods and procedures (e.g., Staats, 1968a) may have influenced those used in applications (e.g., token systems; e.g., Wolf et al, 1964). Indeed, some made contributions that warranted inclusion in early reviews of the literature (e.g., Bandura, 1969) and its later histories (see Kazdin, 1978;Rutherford, 2009).…”

Section: Discriminant Validity: the Excluded Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study in the founding of applied behavior analysis through its publications

2013

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This article reports a study of the founding of applied behavior analysis through its publications. Our methods included hand searches of sources (e.g., journals, reference lists), search terms (i.e., early, applied, behavioral, research, literature), inclusion criteria (e.g., the field's applied dimension), and (d) challenges to their face and content validity. Our results were 36 articles published between 1959 and 1967 that we organized into 4 groups: 12 in 3 programs of research and 24 others. Our discussion addresses (a) limitations in our method (e.g., the completeness of our search), (b) challenges to the validity of our methods and results (e.g., convergent validity), and (c) priority claims about the field's founding. We conclude that the claims are irresolvable because identification of the founding publications depends significantly on methods and because the field's founding was an evolutionary process. We close with suggestions for future research.

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Section: The Early Applied Behavioral Research Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Convergent Validity: the Included Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Convergent Validity: the Included Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discriminant Validity: the Excluded Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discriminant Validity: the Excluded Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study in the founding of applied behavior analysis through its publications

2013

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Changing Autistic Behavior

Wenar¹

1967

Arch Gen Psychiatry

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A Psychological Behaviorism Theory of Personality

Staats

2003

Handbook of Psychology

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The psychological behaviorism (PB) theory of personality is part of a larger overarching theory that includes a philosophy of science. Applied to personality the philosophical analysis shows the field to be in a primitive state methodologically and in content. There are no rules of theory construction, no goal of unification, and a plethora of different, unrelated theories, studies, and tests. The analysis serves as a foundation for general discussion of theory needs in the field and for the particular description of the PB theory of personality. The PB theory began in research extending learning principles to the study of human behavior and was one of the originating foundations of the field of behavior therapy. It is different in method and content than any other theory in the field, following an explicit science methodology. Thus, there is an explicit, empirical definition of personality, as learned basic behavioral repertoires (BBRs). The task then is identification of the personality repertoires, how they are learned, and how they function in the determination of the individual's behaviors. The PB theory and its findings serve as a unifying bridge between traditional personality theory (and personality tests) and behaviorism's rejection of those efforts. The last part of the chapter describes how the PB theory provides a program for different avenues of research for the personality field, just as the approach did in beginning the behavior therapy field.

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Application of operant conditioning procedures to the behaviour problems of an autistic child

Cited by 620 publications

References 9 publications

A study in the founding of applied behavior analysis through its publications

A study in the founding of applied behavior analysis through its publications

Changing Autistic Behavior

A Psychological Behaviorism Theory of Personality

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