Application of Statistical Tools and Hypothesis Testing of Adsorption Data Obtained for Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Hypothesis testing is useful statistical tool understood as a critical testing of the experimental data. The experiment for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by adsorption was carried out with the deliberate object of testing hypothesis through different tests meant for the purpose using available data obtained from experiments. Decisions about the validity and significance of the data were made on the basis of hypothesis testing. It enabled us to make probability statements about the adsorption parameters. In the present study, dried mango leaf powder was used to remove Cu, Zn and Pb from heavy metal samples prepared in lab. the experimental data was tested using different statistical tools namely Student’s t-tests, F-test to test the equality of variance of two normal populations, Chi-square test to test the effectiveness of the adsorption in removing heavy metal ions, ANOVA for the analysis of significance of difference between means of multiple samples at the same time, all within 5% level of significance.

Nano-Clay and Iron Impregnated Clay Nanocomposite for Cu2+ and Pb2+ Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions

“…Various techniques were developed and employed to remove heavy metals from aqueous media and employed to mitigate the effect on human and the environmental health. The developed treatment methods are co-precipitation (Han et al, 2019;Lin et al, 2018), coagulation (Bora & Dutta, 2019;Chaouf et al, 2019), solvent extraction (Molaei et al, 2019;Vasudevan et al, 2009), electrochemical treatment (Silva et al, 2018;Turcanu & Bechtold, 2017), solid-phase adsorption extraction (Ayawei et al, 2017;Kaushal & Singh, 2017), ion exchange (Tripathi & Rawat Ranjan, 2015), flotation (Deliyanni et al, 2017;Kyzas & Matis, 2018), membrane filtration and reverse osmosis (Barakat, Nano-Clay and Iron Impregnated Clay Nanocomposite for Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions Mekonnen Maschal Tarekegn 1 , Raj Mohan Balakrishnan 2 , Andualem Mekonnen Hiruy 1 , Ahmed Hussen Dekebo 1 and Hema Susmitha Maanyam 2 2 Air, Soil and Water Research 2011;Byun et al, 2019). However, most of these chemicalbased technologies required high investment and operational costs and also stringent process conditions.…”