Application of topology optimization to design an electric bicycle main frame

Xiao, Denghong; Liu, Xiandong; Du, Wenhua; Wang, Junyuan; Tian, He

doi:10.1007/s00158-012-0803-7

Cited by 32 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As expected, the field of engineering leads the research, since it covers facets such as transport [31], the development and manufacturing of a product [32], innovation in materials to lighten bicycles [33], and electrical issues related to batteries [34]. Computer science deals mainly with the design [35], distribution of energy to the charging batteries [36], issues related to safety [37], behavior [38], and Medicine to Accident Analysis and Prevention [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electric Bicycle: Worldwide Research Trends

Salmerón-Manzano

Manzano‐Agugliaro

2018

Energies

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The bicycle has gone from being an old-fashioned recreational product to a less polluting means of transport and a compact, ultra-light personal mobility tool. This is how electrical bicycles will be used as the pillar that could support individual public transport in large cities worldwide. The objective of this manuscript is to detect how worldwide research on the electric bicycle is being developed, and, especially, around which scientific domains is it clustered, to finally identify the main trends in the field. This study has been carried out based on the Scopus database, where all the publications related to the topic of the electric bicycle have been analyzed up to the year 2017. Therefore, research on the global research trends of this topic was conducted. Its evolution over time shows that since 2008 the growth of publications is much higher than in the previous period. The main countries are China and the USA, and it can be inferred that there are two major trend countries with high environmental awareness, which also have a large population and that the electric bicycle is a suitable and sustainable form of transport. Among the main scientific fields, engineering leads in research. The keyword analysis shows that the central theme is electric, then battery and motor stand out. A community detection was applied to detect the six main clusters of this research, largely dedicated to the following topics: Transportation-Environment, Electrical Engineering, Safety, Batteries, Sporting Goods-Urban Planning, and Mechanical Engineering. This manuscript shows that global research trends about the electric bicycle are increasing, and that it should be considered a means of sustainable urban transport and will therefore contribute to energy saving and sustainable energy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Electric Bicycle: Worldwide Research Trends

Salmerón-Manzano

Manzano‐Agugliaro

2018

Energies

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“…The red arrows indicate the forces, the blue triangle in the lower left part indicates that the corresponding node is fixed in three directions and the blue-purple triangle in the right upper part indicates that that node is fixed (only) in the vertical direction. The loads and boundary conditions taken into account have been extracted from the studies of [15] and [16]. Our code uses first-order cubes (8 nodes) to mesh the design domain for performing the FE analysis.…”

Section: Application Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Approach to Multi-Material Topology Optimization Considering Cost Estimation

López

Burggraeve

Stroobants

2018

WIT Transactions on the Built Environment

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Leading edge manufacturing industries, such as automotive or aerospace, need to develop multi-material solutions in order to optimize their products for a variety of attributes and to deliver the most costeffective solutions. Companies demand efficient and novel topology optimization strategies, where not only the topology is optimized, but also the distribution of several materials within it. Additive Manufacturing is one of the best known procedures to build up such multi-material solutions, but also more traditional procedures such as welding or thermoforming can be in play. This paper aims to describe a preliminary approach to face multi-material topology optimization considering not only mass or volume, but also material costs. The material selection is based on a given pool, either a database or a relevant set provided by the requesting company. Coupled material-manufacturing information needs to be gathered for the material selection approach, which will take into account the most relevant properties (e.g. density, Young's modulus, but also cost and manufacturability) and will allow the use of them as an input in the optimization framework. Estimations of the different costs will be introduced into the multi-material topology optimization algorithm through the definition of a suitable cost model. This model will allow us to quantify the total cost as an attribute of the design so that it can be used either as an optimization objective function or constraint. The framework proposed in this research is based on two codes available in literature: a 2D multi-material topology optimization code, in which material interpolation is proposed within the topology optimization without including any extra design variables, and a 3D topology optimization code. The approach proposed here is able to do 3D multi-material topology optimization and searches the performance-cost Pareto front (e.g. normalized compliancematerial cost), such that the final decision can be made by the company. A generic case consisting of a bike frame is presented to show these advances in the optimization framework.

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“…El análisis mediante el método de elementos finitos, según lo manifiestan Naula, Albuja, Carrillo, e Izurieta (2016), es la vía para dar solución a los problemas de ingeniería, caracterizado por el estudio de modelos matemáticos abstractos, en los cuales intervienen un conjunto de parámetros para predecir fallos en todo sistema físico continuo con un material específico (Vinueza y Gutiérrez, 2018). Xiao, Liu, Du, Wang, y He (2012), lo definen como un método para dar solución a varias incógnitas que se presentan en la ingeniería, donde la resolución involucra varios…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Análisis topológico mediante el Método de Elementos Finitos del chasis de una motocicleta de competencia

2019

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En este estudio se implementó una técnica de optimización topológica en el bastidor de una motocicleta de competencia Honda CRF 230, con el objetivo de reducir el peso del componente original manteniendo los límites de seguridad de las propiedades mecánicas del material, para obtener un mayor rendimiento del motor y mayor maniobrabilidad para el piloto en una competencia. Para ello, se efectuó la caracterización del material original del chasis de la motocicleta mediante un procedimiento llamado Espectrometría de Chispa, además se realizó el análisis estático del chasis para determinar las condiciones de frontera para la simulación. Para el desarrollar el CAD del chasis y la simulación se utilizó el SolidWorks Simulation. La aplicación de la optimización topológica se realizó utilizando un criterio de distribución de esfuerzos, por medio de la utilización del método de MEF. Finalmente, se analizó la estructura original frente a la modificada para obtener como resultado una reducción del 67.6 % de peso del chasis original, con un factor de seguridad de 1.41.

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Application of topology optimization to design an electric bicycle main frame

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

The Electric Bicycle: Worldwide Research Trends

The Electric Bicycle: Worldwide Research Trends

A Preliminary Approach to Multi-Material Topology Optimization Considering Cost Estimation

Análisis topológico mediante el Método de Elementos Finitos del chasis de una motocicleta de competencia

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