Applications of biopolymer coatings in biomedical engineering

2023

Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is still one of the most common bioactive coatings used on metal implants in orthopaedics due to its biocompatibility. The application of HAp to metallic implants can be accomplished using a variety of processes. Plasma spray (PS) coating stands out as the method of choice due to its dependability, affordability, and ability to protect metal surfaces against rust and wear. The use of HAp in medicine has been limited due to the material's unfavorable mechanical characteristics, such as brittleness, a lack of fracture toughness, and inadequate tensile strength. In addition, the remodeling durations of HAp-covered implants are significantly longer, the rate of osseointegration is significantly lower, and no antimicrobial actions or features are present in these implants. The mechanical and biological properties of HAp have been improved by applying various approaches, all of which fall under the category of surface modification tactics. Dopants are one of those strategies that are extremely successful at changing the characteristics and using them in HAp is one of those methods. As a result, this review study aims to consolidate data on implant Hap coating using the plasma spray approach and assess the benefits and problems associated with employing this method. In addition, the paper addresses how altering the structural, chemical, and mechanical features of HAp can assist in overcoming these limitations. In conclusion, it explains how the incorporation of entering the HAp structure can change the features that, when coated using the plasma spraying approach, alter the functionality of the implant.

Section: Figure 1 Various Potential Uses For Hap Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consequences of hydroxyapatite doping using plasma spray to implant biomaterials

Mehta

2023

“…Various coating methods are employed to protect the surface of different biomedical materials [94][95][96][97]. Spray pyrolisis deposition [98], Electroplating [99], electrodeposition [100], hot dipping [98][99][100][101][102][103][104], physical vapor deposition (PVD) & chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117], electrochemical vapor deposition (EVD) [118], cold spray [119], thermal spraying [120][121][122][123][124][125], sputtering [126], claddings [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]…”

Section: Biocompatible Surface Chemical Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion cracking in Mg alloys based bioimplants

Sharma²

2023

Recently, magnesium alloys have garnered a lot of interest as a potentially useful material for applications involving biodegradable implants. Cracking or fracture of metal-based implants under the combined action of corrosion and mechanical stresses, namely stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is an obviously critical criterion before any new material might be deployed as implants. Cracking or fracture of metal-based implants occurs under the simultaneous action of corrosion and mechanical stresses. This article gives a review of the existing literature on the SCC of magnesium alloys in corrosive environments, including simulated body fluid and the accompanying fracture process. It also indicates the knowledge gap that exists in this area of research. In addition, a high-level review of the preventative measures that may be taken to avoid potential corrosion fatigue failures in magnesium alloys is provided.

“…Zirconia is a type of high-tech ceramic that has been utilized in many biomedical applications ever since the 1960s [19]. Zirconia has received a lot of interest in the field of dentistry since it has great biocompatibility, is visually beautiful, has high corrosion resistance, has strong mechanical qualities, and there have been no recorded adverse responses to it [20][21][22]. In ZrO 2 -based research and biomedical applications over the past few decades, AI techniques have garnered a great response because they are associated with data analysis and provide regression/correlation between complicated phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence in use of ZrO2 material in biomedical science

Verma

2022

The rapidly growing discipline of artificial intelligence (AI) seeks to develop software and computers that can do tasks that have historically required the intelligence of people. Machine learning (ML) is a subfield of AI that makes use of algorithms to "learn" from data's innate statistical patterns and structures to extrapolate information that is otherwise hidden. A growing emphasis on cosmetic dentistry has coincided with ZrO2‘s rise to prominence as a result of its improved biocompatibility, visually pleasant look, strong oxidation resistance, better mechanical properties, and lack of documented allergic responses. Advances in the field of AI and ML have led to novel applications of ZrO2 in dental devices for biological objectives. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have attracted a lot of attention in ZrO2-related research and therapeutic applications due to their ability to analyze data and discover connections between seemingly unrelated events. Specifically, their incorporation into zirconia is largely responsible for this. Zirconia's versatility in the scientific community means that how AI is used in the area varies with the specific directions in which zirconia is utilized. Therefore, this article primarily focuses on the use of AI in the biomedical use of ZrO2 in dentistry.