Applied Fisheries Oceanography: Ecosystem Indicators of Ocean Conditions Inform Fisheries Management in the California Current

Peterson, William T.; Fisher, Jennifer L.; Peterson, Jay; Morgan, Cheryl A.; Burke, Brian J.; Fresh, Kurt L.

doi:10.5670/oceanog.2014.88

Cited by 76 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) is a three‐month running mean of SST anomalies averaged over the Niño 3.4 region of 5°S–5°N and 120°W–170°W, with positive values representing more El Niño‐type conditions (Null, ). Persistent changes in the ONI index can lead to physical and trophic changes in the California Current Ecosystem (Peterson et al., ). Values for ONI were obtained from http://ggweather.com/enso/oni.htm for the months March–May.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability in ocean‐mediated growth potential is linked to Chinook salmon survival

Henderson

Fiechter

Huff

et al. 2018

Fisheries Oceanography

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Early ocean survival of Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, varies greatly inter‐annually and may be the period during which later spawning abundance and fishery recruitment are set. Therefore, identifying environmental drivers related to early survival may inform better models for management and sustainability of salmon in a variable environment. With this in mind, our main objectives were to (a) identify regions of high temporal variability in growth potential over a 23‐year time series, (b) determine whether the spatial distribution of growth potential was correlated with observed oceanographic conditions, and (c) determine whether these spatial patterns in growth potential could be used to estimate juvenile salmon survival. We applied this method to the fall run of the Central Valley Chinook salmon population, focusing on the spring and summer period after emigration into central California coastal waters. For the period from 1988 to 2010, juvenile salmon growth potential on the central California continental shelf was described by three spatial patterns. These three patterns were most correlated with upwelling, detrended sea level anomalies, and the strength of onshore/offshore currents, respectively. Using the annual strength of these three patterns, as well as the overall growth potential throughout central California coastal waters, in a generalized linear model we explained 82% of the variation in juvenile salmon survival estimates. We attributed the relationship between growth potential and survival to variability in environmental conditions experienced by juvenile salmon during their first year at sea, as well as potential shifts in predation pressure following out‐migration into coastal waters.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability in ocean‐mediated growth potential is linked to Chinook salmon survival

Henderson

Fiechter

Huff

et al. 2018

Fisheries Oceanography

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“…Copepod samples were processed to measure the biomass of northern and southern assemblage copepods, here expressed as the anomaly relative to the month-specific average (Hooff & Peterson, 2006;Keister et al, 2011). The northern copepod assemblage consists of cold-water species that are larger and richer in lipids, and therefore represent higher quality prey than copepods comprising the southern assemblage (Peterson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Zooplankton Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Massive Mortality of a Planktivorous Seabird in Response to a Marine Heatwave

Jones

Parrish

Peterson

et al. 2018

Geophysical Research Letters

227

147

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Climate change has exacerbated the occurrence of large‐scale sea surface temperature anomalies, or marine heatwaves (MHWs)—extreme phenomena often associated with mass mortality events of marine organisms. Using a combination of citizen science and federal data sets, we investigated the causal mechanisms of the 2014/2015 die‐off of Cassin's Auklets (Ptychoramphus aleuticus), a small zooplanktivorous seabird, during the NE Pacific MHW of 2013–2015. Carcass deposition followed an effective reduction in the energy content of mesozooplankton, coincident with the loss of cold‐water foraging habitat caused by the intrusion of the NE Pacific MHW into the nearshore environment. Models examining interannual variability in effort‐controlled carcass abundance (2001–2014) identified the biomass of lipid‐poor zooplankton as the dominant predictor of increased carcass abundance. In 2014, Cassin's Auklets dispersing from colonies in British Columbia likely congregated into a nearshore band of cooler upwelled water and ultimately died from starvation following the shift in zooplankton composition associated with onshore transport of the NE Pacific MHW. For Cassin's Auklets, already in decline due to ocean warming, large‐scale and persistent MHWs might represent a global population precipice.

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“…Our analysis likely benefited from consistent hatchery releases (in terms of size, timing, and abundance), river flow, and ocean conditions during our study years (Fish Passage Center Web site; Peterson et al 2014), factors which could alter stock-specific growth patterns.…”

Section: Validity Of Ocean Growth Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stock‐Specific Size and Timing at Ocean Entry of Columbia River Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead: Implications for Early Ocean Growth

et al. 2015

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Juvenile salmon transitioning from freshwater to marine environments experience high variation in growth and survival, yet the specific causes of this variation are poorly understood. Size at and timing of ocean entry may contribute to this variation because they influence both the availability of prey and vulnerability to predators. To Subject editor: Carl Walters, University of British Columbia, Canada This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The moral rights of the named author(s) have been asserted. *Corresponding author: laurie.weitkamp@noaa.gov Received January 16, 2015; accepted April 28, 2015 370 Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science 7:370-392, 2015 Published with license by American Fisheries Society ISSN: 1942-5120 online DOI: 10.1080/19425120.2015 explore this issue, we used stock assignments based on genetic stock identification and internal tags to document the stock-specific size and timing of juvenile hatchery and presumed wild Columbia River Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss at ocean entry during 2007-2011. We found that juvenile salmon and steelhead had consistent stock-specific capture dates, with lower-river stocks typically having earlier timing than those originating farther upstream. Mean size also varied among stocks and was related to hatchery practices. Hatchery yearling Chinook Salmon and steelhead were consistently larger than wild fish from the same stocks, although timing in the estuary was similar. In contrast, hatchery subyearling Chinook Salmon were of similar size to wild fish but entered the ocean up to a month earlier. We evaluated the potential importance of these traits on early marine growth by estimating stock-specific growth rates for Chinook Salmon caught in estuarine and ocean habitats. Growth rates were related to relative ocean entry timing, with lower growth rates for stocks that had only recently arrived in marine waters. Our results demonstrate that stocks within a single basin can differ in their size and timing of ocean entry, life history traits that contribute to early marine growth and potentially to the survival of juvenile salmon. Our results also highlight the necessity of considering stock-specific variation in life history traits to understand salmon ecology and survival across the entire life cycle.The movement of juvenile salmon from freshwater to marine habitats is a poorly understood but critical transition (Pearcy 1992;Pearcy and McKinnell 2007). During this transition, fish must not only physiologically adapt to salt water, but also contend with entirely new prey, predators, and habitats (Spence and Hall 2010). The size at and timing of ocean entry have been identified as important factors during this period. Minor variation in timing can have...

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Applied Fisheries Oceanography: Ecosystem Indicators of Ocean Conditions Inform Fisheries Management in the California Current

Cited by 76 publications

References 28 publications

Spatial variability in ocean‐mediated growth potential is linked to Chinook salmon survival

Spatial variability in ocean‐mediated growth potential is linked to Chinook salmon survival

Massive Mortality of a Planktivorous Seabird in Response to a Marine Heatwave

Stock‐Specific Size and Timing at Ocean Entry of Columbia River Juvenile Chinook Salmon and Steelhead: Implications for Early Ocean Growth

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