Applying artificial neural networks (ANN) to the estimation of thermal contact conductance in the exhaust valve of internal combustion engine

In-cylinder pressure resonance analysis for trapped mass estimation in automotive engines

“…The autoignition of the end gas occurs when the in-cylinder chamber conditions reach the auto-ignition point before all the fuel is burnt by the SI conventional flame propagation. The auto-ignition point (or knock onset, KO) was described by Livengood and Wu [11] by: .24) where τ represents the autoignition delay, which is computed from the incylinder chamber conditions, such as:…”

“…Engine D: Engine D was developed from a heavy-duty truck engine for studying the autoignition of a mixture composed from two different fuels (RCCI) [9][10][11][12][13][14]. The detailed geometry of the bowl is shown in Figure 4 The engine was equipped with port fuel gasoline and direct diesel injection systems, having both injection systems a specific hardware for controlling them.…”

“…Although NO is predominant, between 70 and 90%, NO 2 can be significant due to the NO to NO 2 conversion at low temperature and high O 2 concentrations [11]. They are one of the main responsible of acid rain and a potential producer of smog; NO 2 can irritate the lung and reduce its resistance to infectious diseases if the level of NO 2 exceeds 600 mg/m 3 , while N O participates many developed countries [19].…”

“…In-cylinder pressure sensors offer a direct measurement of the combustion process, and a wide range of applications exist for its use: combustion detection [2], knock detection [3,4], noise control [5,6], fuel tolerance diagnostics [7], combustion control in both, next cycle [8] and same cycle approach [9], emissions dispersion [10], mass composition estimation [11], TDC determination [12,13], EOC detection [14], among others.…”

“…The estimation and control of the intake charge and composition is already crucial in conventional combustion modes: the composition in SI engines must be maintained in stoichiometric conditions in order to properly operate the three way catalyst (TWC) [1][2][3][4][5], and the soot-NO x trade-off in CI engines is highly affected by EGR [6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, an accurate intake composition estimation in engines working with new combustion concepts will be necessary not only for emissions control, but also for combustion stability [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”