Applying fulvic acid for sediment metals remediation: Mechanism, factors, and prospect

Abstract

Fulvic acid (FA) has been shown to play a decisive role in controlling the environmental geochemical behavior of metals. As a green and natural microbial metabolite, FA is widely used in environmental remediation because of its good adsorption complexation and redox ability. This paper introduces the reaction mechanism and properties of FA with metals, and reviews the progress of research on the remediation of metal pollutant by FA through physicochemical remediation and bioremediation. FA can control the biotoxicity and migration ability of some metals, such as Pb, Cr, Hg, Cd, and As, through adsorption complexation and redox reactions. The concentration, molecular weight, and source are the main factors that determine the remediation ability of FA. In addition, the ambient pH, temperature, metal ion concentrations, and competing components in sediment environments have significant effects on the extent and rate of a reaction between metals and FA during the remediation process. Finally, we summarize the challenges that this promising environmental remediation tool may face. The research directions of FA in the field of metals ecological remediation are also prospected. This review can provide new ideas and directions for the research of remediation of metals contaminants in sediments.

Characterization of the interactions between Fulvic acid and Trypsin with Spectroscopic and Molecular Docking technology

“…The obtained K q values at different temperatures (Table 1) are consistently higher than the maximum impact quenching rate constant [2×10 10 L/(mol•s)]. These results indicate that the interaction between FA and TRP exhibits static quenching behavior.…”

“…Fulvic acid is widely used in medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry and other fields. [9,10] Fulvic acid can be used in the synthesis of plant growth regulators and animal feed, [11] as well as in the synthesis of drugs for the treatment of hypertension and gynecological diseases. [12] In addition, fulvic acid can regulate the immune system, affect the oxidative state of cells, improve gastrointestinal function, and has great potential in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, including diabetes.…”

“…Fulvic acid (FA) is a natural product found in most coal seams [8] and can be extracted from underutilized lignite, weathered coal, and incomplete carbonized peat. Fulvic acid is widely used in medicine, agriculture, animal husbandry and other fields [9,10] . Fulvic acid can be used in the synthesis of plant growth regulators and animal feed, [11] as well as in the synthesis of drugs for the treatment of hypertension and gynecological diseases [12] .…”

Green synthesis trends and potential applications of bimetallic nanoparticles towards the sustainable development goals 2030

“…Although the degradation of chemicals such as TCE, chlorophenols, and nitroaromatic compounds has been enhanced by BMNPs, the mechanisms of these nanostructured materials may vary depending on the region and climatic conditions. 167 The latest is due to the presence of organic and metallic compounds, as well as conditions associated with local pH and mean temperatures of the environments to be remediated. 167 Furthermore, nanomaterials may show adverse effects on organisms found in soil, which may lead to negative implications in the seeking of remediation processes, aggravating soil conditions and affecting natural processes.…”

“… 167 The latest is due to the presence of organic and metallic compounds, as well as conditions associated with local pH and mean temperatures of the environments to be remediated. 167 Furthermore, nanomaterials may show adverse effects on organisms found in soil, which may lead to negative implications in the seeking of remediation processes, aggravating soil conditions and affecting natural processes. 168 Nanoparticles used in water remediation processes (SDG 6) have been found to be effective in detecting and removing pollutants.…”