Applying homogeneity index modification to high-capacity high-dynamic-range image authentication with distortion tolerance

Tsai, Yuan‐Yu; Liu, Honglin; Ying, Cheng-You

doi:10.1007/s11042-022-12837-9

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A literature survey indicates that most current state-of-the-art HDR data-hiding algorithms, except [13], exploit homogeneous representations to conceal secret messages. To the best of our knowledge, most previous works [9][10][11][12] can be accurately detected by [15] because secret messages are concealed using HRBS. The only exception is [9], which does not exploit the homogeneous representation.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tsai et al [12] introduced a controllable distortion data-hiding scheme and an HDR image authentication technique for HDR RGBE images. A threshold is introduced to exploit as many homogeneous representations as possible in exchange for producing a stego image with controllable and tolerable distortion.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We remark that [8] adopted an L-side method, rather than the homogeneous representation, to embed secret messages, thereby achieving greater adaptability capacity. Since most methods [9][10][11][12] exploit homogeneous representations to carry secret messages, they are vulnerable to the steganalysis detection introduced by [15] because the homogeneity indices have been altered. In contrast, our scheme and [13] slightly modify pixel values after message concealment to ensure that the homogeneity indices in the produced stego image remain intact.…”

Section: Comparison With Current State-of-the-art Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current state-of-the-art data-hiding algorithms using HDR images encoded by the RGBE format [8][9][10][11][12][13] usually exploit homogeneous representation, originally proposed by Yu et al [9], to conceal secret messages. The RGBE format, detailed in the "real pixel" suggested by Ward in 1991 [14], uses an 8-bit mantissa for each primary and follows it with a single 8-bit exponent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relevant literature has shown that exploiting homogeneous representations to convey secret messages for HDR RGBE images has achieved some success [8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, this approach suffers from two drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Weighted Modulus: A Secure and Large-Capacity Data-Hiding Algorithm for High Dynamic Range Images

Hsieh,

Wang

2024

Electronics

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This paper presents an optimal weighted modulus (OWM) algorithm able to conceal secret messages in a high dynamic range image encoded via the RGBE format, consisting of the red, green, blue, and exponent channels. In contrast to current state-of-the-art schemes, which mainly employ limited and vulnerable homogeneous representations, our OWM scheme exploits four channels and an embedding weight to conceal secret messages, thereby offering more embedding capacities and undetectability against steganalytic tools. To reduce the impact on the luminance variation, we confine the maximal change incurred in the exponent channel when embedding secret messages. In addition, we propose an SEC scheme to eliminate the pixel saturation problem, even though a pixel contains values close to the boundary extreme. As a result, the stego images produced not only exhibit high quality but also comply with the RGBE encoding format, making them able to resist malicious steganalytic detection. The experimental results show that our scheme offers larger embedding rates, between 2.8074 and 5.7549 bits per pixel, and the average PSNR value for twelve tone-mapped images is over 48 dB. In addition, the HDR VDP 3.0 metric demonstrates the high fidelity of stego HDR images, where the average Q value is close to the upper bound of 10.0. Our scheme can defeat RS steganalytic attacks and resist image compatibility attacks. A comparison result confirms that our scheme outperforms six current state-of-the-art schemes.

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