Applying the new TrOCA approach to assess the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the Atlantic Ocean

Touratier, Franck; Goyet, Catherine

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2003.11.020

Cited by 75 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…TrOCA is essentially the carbon version of the tracer NO introduced by Broecker [1974], and besides air-sea gas exchange and nitrification/denitrification, their distributions are governed by the same processes in the ocean. Hence, these are quite similar as can be appreciated from Figures 2c and 2f of Touratier and Goyet [2004b], and both tracers also tend to decrease with increasing potential temperature [Touratier and Goyet, 2004a, Figure 2; Broecker, 1974, Figure 2]. This temperature dependency was utilized by Touratier and Goyet [2004a] and in large part by Touratier et al [2007] for parameterizing the preindustrial distribution of TrOCA, TrOCA 0 .…”

Section: Comparison With Other Methodssupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Using the classical carbon-to-nitrogen remineralization ratio of 106:16 [Redfield et al, 1963] this translates to a DIC difference of ∼72 mmol kg −1 . Using the set of equations of Touratier and Goyet [2004a] this would translate to a difference in TrOCA 0 values of 86 mmol kg −1 with the Nordic seas values being lower. The difference between our TTD and TrOCA based estimates of DIC ant implies that Nordic seas TrOCA 0 is overestimated by between approximately 12 and 18 mmol kg −1 (1.2*(DIC ant, TTD − DIC ant, TrOCA )), much less than the 86 mmol kg −1 expected from export production alone.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂

et al. 2010

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[1] The distribution and inventory of anthropogenic carbon (DIC ant ) in the Nordic seas are determined using the transit time distribution (TTD) approach. To constrain the shape of the TTDs in the Nordic seas, CO 2 is introduced as an age tracer and used in combination with water age estimates determined from CFC-12 data. CO 2 and CFC-12 tracer ages constitute a very powerful pair for constraining the shape of TTDs. The highest concentrations of DIC ant appear in the warm and well-ventilated Atlantic water that flows into the region from the south, and concentrations are typically lower moving west into the colder Arctic surface waters. The depth distribution of DIC ant reflects the extent of ventilation in the different areas. The Nordic seas DIC ant inventory for 2002 was constrained to between 0.9 and 1.4 Gt DIC ant , corresponding to ∼1% of the global ocean DIC ant inventory. The TTD-derived DIC ant estimates were compared with estimates derived using four other approaches, revealing significant differences with respect to the TTD-derived estimates, which can be related to issues with some of the underlying assumptions of these other approaches. Specifically, the Tracer combining Oxygen, inorganic Carbon and total Alkalinity (TrOCA) method appears to underestimate DIC ant in the Nordic seas, the DC* shortcut and the approach of Jutterström et al. (2008) appear to overestimate DIC ant at most depths in this area, and finally the approach of Tanhua et al. (2007) appears to underestimate Nordic seas DIC ant below 3000 m and overestimate it above 1000 m.

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Section: Comparison With Other Methodssupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Comparison With Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂

et al. 2010

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“…For this work, the uncertainty on C ant is estimated to 4 mmol kg -1 . The original TrOCA method (Touratier & Goyet 2004b) has previously been applied to the waters of the North Atlantic Ocean (Touratier & Goyet 2004a), to the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean (Touratier et al 2005), to the Mediterranean Sea (Aït-Ameur & Goyet 2006) and to the Southern Ocean along 308E between South Africa and Antarctica (WOCE line I6) (Lo Monaco et al 2005a, 2005b. The improved TrOCA8 relationship was applied to the Indian Ocean (Touratier et al 2007).…”

Section: The Troca Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic carbon distribution in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

et al. 2007

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The Ross Sea is an area of dense water formation within the Southern Ocean, hence it potentially plays an important role for anthropogenic CO 2 sequestration : In order to estimate the penetration of anthropogenic carbon in the Ross Sea from total inorganic carbon (TCO 2 ) measurements carried out in 2002 -03 Antarctic Italian Expedition, we applied two independent models. Anthropogenic carbon was present throughout the water column. The highest concentrations were associated with the recently ventilated shelf waters, namely High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW) and Ice Shelf Water (ISW), due to their recent contact with the atmosphere. The lowest concentrations were observed for Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW), due to its relatively older ventilation age. This water mass intrudes onto the shelf in some parts of the Ross Sea and hence is observed in the sampled section, where it is recognizable for its low O 2 and high TCO 2 concentrations. The overflow of the dense High Salinity Shelf Water out of the continental slope was observed in the area off Cape Adare. Since this recently formed shelf water contributes to the formation of the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), this process represents a pathway for anthropogenic carbon export down to the deep ocean.

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“…These are the TrOCA method (Touratier and Goyet, 2004;Touratier et al, 2007), the C • IPSL method (Lo Monaco et al, 2005a) and the ϕC • T method. To date, only few of these observational methods, including the C * , have been objectively inter-compared, and that is at regional scales only, namely: in the North Atlantic (Wanninkhof et al, 1999;Friis et al, 2006;Tanhua et al, 2007), the North Indian (Coatanoan et al, 2001), or along a single section in the Southern Ocean (Lo Monaco et al, 2005b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic carbon distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: data-based estimates from the Arctic to the Antarctic

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Five of the most recent observational methods to estimate anthropogenic CO 2 (C ant ) are applied to a highquality dataset from five representative sections of the Atlantic Ocean extending from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Between latitudes 60 • N-40 • S all methods give similar spatial distributions and magnitude of C ant . However, discrepancies are found in some regions, in particular in the Southern Ocean and Nordic Seas. The differences in the Southern Ocean have a significant impact on the anthropogenic carbon inventories. The calculated total inventories of C ant for the Atlantic referred to 1994 vary from 48 to 67 Pg (10 15 g) of carbon, with an average of 54±8 Pg C, which is higher than previous estimates. These results, both the detailed C ant distributions and extrapolated inventories, will help to evaluate biogeochemical ocean models and coupled climate-carbon models.

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Applying the new TrOCA approach to assess the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 75 publications

References 48 publications

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂

Anthropogenic carbon distribution in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

Anthropogenic carbon distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: data-based estimates from the Arctic to the Antarctic

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Applying the new TrOCA approach to assess the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 75 publications

References 48 publications

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO2

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO2

Anthropogenic carbon distribution in the Ross Sea, Antarctica

Anthropogenic carbon distributions in the Atlantic Ocean: data-based estimates from the Arctic to the Antarctic

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂

Nordic seas transit time distributions and anthropogenic CO₂