Applying the social–ecological framework to explore bully–victim subgroups in South Korean schools.

Abstract

Objective: The present study sought to identify the structure of South Korean student bully and victim groups based upon longitudinal data, and the association of groups with socialecological based factors at the individual (age, sex, father and mothers' educational status, household income, aggression, depression, smoking, drinking, type of family structure), family (neglect, abuse), friend/peer (peer relationships, number of delinquent friends), and school (school activity, school rules, teacher relationship) levels.Method: Participants were 2,284 second year middle school students (50.5% male; Mage = 14.0 years old) who completed the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey annually for three years.Results: Latent Class Analysis identified victims (4.5%), bullies (2.8%), bully-victims (1%), and uninvolved students (91.8%) across time. At the individual level, compared to uninvolved group, bully-victims and bullies were more likely to smoke and drink alcohol, all subgroups have higher levels of aggression, and bullies and victims were more likely to have depression. At the peer/friend level, victims reported poorer quality peer relationships, and both bully-victims and bullies reported having more delinquent friends. At the school level, victims and bullies reported being less likely to engage in school activities, and bullies and bully-victims reported being less likely to follow school rules. Conclusion:Certain social-ecological variables are relevant risk factors associated with each group of adolescents in South Korea. Our findings call for a holistic intervention strategy which not only addresses bullying but also problems such as smoking and drinking, and depressive symptomatology.

Violence typologies and sociodemographic correlates in South African adolescents: a three-wave cross-sectional study

“…Research showed that in a group of South African adolescents from communities of lower socioeconomic status, the majority have encountered violence at home, in school, and in community [4]. Male adolescents are more likely than their female counterparts to encounter violence victimisation in school and community [7], or engage in aggressive behaviours and violence perpetration [17][18][19].…”

“…Moreover, one's family structure, particularly residing in a single-parent household is significantly associated with both violence victimisation and perpetration in youth [13,17]. In South Africa, partly due to the HIV/ AIDS epidemic, approximately 3.5 million children are orphaned [26].…”

“…One aim of the current research is to examine the psychosocial correlates associated with different subgroups of adolescents affected by violence, by considering both the distinctive and joint nature of victimisation and perpetration. Specifically, we consider the four violence typologies that have been consistently documented in the literature, namely, 1) neither victimisation nor perpetration histories, 2) victimisation histories only, 3) perpetration histories only, and 4) both victimisation and perpetration histories [15,17,18,38,40]. Differentiating violence as such can offer a more comprehensive understanding of the unique correlates of each violence typology [17,40], which in turn enables tailored intervention development.…”

“…Specifically, we consider the four violence typologies that have been consistently documented in the literature, namely, 1) neither victimisation nor perpetration histories, 2) victimisation histories only, 3) perpetration histories only, and 4) both victimisation and perpetration histories [15,17,18,38,40]. Differentiating violence as such can offer a more comprehensive understanding of the unique correlates of each violence typology [17,40], which in turn enables tailored intervention development. In the current study, we perform secondary data analysis on three cross-sectional surveys that were conducted in a nationally representative sample of South African adolescents in 2002, 2008, and 2011, with the following aims: 1) to examine the prevalence of the four different violence typologies and their sociodemographic correlates at each survey time point; 2) to examine the associations of demographics, academic performance, and parental absence with each violence typology; 3) to establish trend changes in the prevalence of the four violence typologies from 2002 to 2011.…”

Akselerasi Mencapai Open Defecation Free (Studi Kasus di Desa Kaliasri, Kalipare, Malang)

“…Meski demikian, ekologi sosial juga bisa berlaku sebaliknya, mengubah seseorang menjadi berperilaku buruk, saat tidak dikondisikan dengan baik. Hal ini sering ditemui pada perilaku merokok, minum minuman beralkohol (Chen, Ho, Leung, Wang, & Lam, 2019) (Wang, Tian, & Huebner, 2019), maupun kasus perudungan pada anak (Hong, Kim, & Hunter, 2019) (Kim et al, 2018).…”