Approaches for alleviating toxic effects of aflatoxin in lactating dairy cows and weanling pigs

Gelven, Roxanne E.

doi:10.32469/10355/10529

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 54 publications

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“…It has been reported that ingredients used in animal feed formulations can be contaminated by molds that are capable of producing aflatoxins ( Gelven, 2010 ). This has led to extensive research in order to understand the diversity of Aspergillus species in feeds and feedstuffs ( Variane et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Species in Dairy Feeds in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

et al. 2021

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The presence of molds, especially certain species of Aspergillus, in food commodities may contribute to aflatoxin contamination. The aim of this study was to determine the biodiversity of Aspergillus species in dairy feeds from farms in select locations in Zimbabwe and assess their aflatoxin production potential using a polyphasic approach. A total of 96 feed samples were collected, which consisted of dairy feed concentrate, mixed ration, brewers’ spent grain, and grass from 13 farms during the dry season (August–October, 2016) and the following rainy season (January–March, 2017). A total of 199 presumptive isolates representing four sections from genus Aspergillus (Nigri, Fumigati, Flavi, and Circumdati) were recovered from the feeds. Section Flavi, which includes several aflatoxin producers, constituted 23% (n = 46) of the isolates. Species from this section were A. flavus, A. nomius, A. oryzae, A. parasiticus, and A. parvisclerotigenus, and 39 (84.4%) of these showed evidence of aflatoxin production in plate assays. Of the 46 section Flavi isolates examined, some lacked one or more of the five targeted aflatoxin cluster genes (aflD, aflR, aflS, aflM, and aflP). The presence of the five genes was as follows: aflD (76.9%), aflR (48.7%), aflS (74.4%), aflM (64.1%), and aflP (79.5%). This study highlights the species diversity of aflatoxigenic fungi that have the potential to contaminate different types of feed for dairy cows. Our findings underscore the importance of preventing contamination of feedstuffs by these fungi so that aflatoxins do not end up in the diets of consumers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodiversity of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Species in Dairy Feeds in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

et al. 2021

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Bioassay Procedure for the Diagnosis of Aflatoxicosis in a Pig Farm in Nsukka, South East Nigeria

Shoyinka¹,

Chah²,

Eze³

et al. 2014

OJVM

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The owner of an intensively reared pig farm in Nsukka, SouthEast Nigeria reported the deaths (within one week) of 90 piglets (2-3 months of age) out of 150 piglets on the farm. The piglets were being fed home-compounded ration composed of spent grain (which appeared moldy) and other locally sourced materials. Clinical signs observed in affected piglets include sudden loss of appetite, diarrhea and distress grunting sound prior to death. Symptomatic treatment of the piglets which included the use of antibiotics (tetracycline, LA) did not appear to have ameliorated the condition. At necropsy carcasses were generally in fair to good body condition; with subcutaneous hemorrhages, mainly under the skin of head and neck regions. Lungs were congested and edematous, with froth along the tracheal and bronchial airways. The liver and spleen were moderately congested, while the mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract (which was free of ingesta) appeared mildly hyperaemic. No pathogenic bacterium was isolated from the heart blood and spleen. Histologic section of the liver showed centrilobular hepatocytes vacoulation and necrosis with hypertrophy of Kupffer cells that were in erythrophagocytosis. There was moderate fibrinous exudation into the interlobular septae. Spleen section showed severe erythrophagocytosis, but mild haemosiderosis. White pulp was either reactive or depopulated. Lungs were severely haemorrhagic with bronchitis and bronchiolitis. A tentative diagnosis of mycotoxicosis was made and the spent grain-compounded ration was fed to different groups of ducklings, with/without arginine and lysine supplementation. On the bases of clinical signs and mortality pattern; gross and histologic changes in the liver of the ducklings, a definitive diagnosis of aflatoxicosis was made. This paper emphasizes the experimental feeding of suspected feeds/feed ingredient to ducklings as a reliable diagnostic model for aflatoxicosis.

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Approaches for alleviating toxic effects of aflatoxin in lactating dairy cows and weanling pigs

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Biodiversity of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Species in Dairy Feeds in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Biodiversity of Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Species in Dairy Feeds in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Bioassay Procedure for the Diagnosis of Aflatoxicosis in a Pig Farm in Nsukka, South East Nigeria

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